Efficacy of analgesia using ilioinguinal–iliohypogastric (IIIH) nerve block, transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and diclofenac after caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia: A non-randomised clinical trial

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Our aim was to assess the efficacy of analgesia using ilioinguinal–iliohypogastric (IIIH) nerve block, transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and diclofenac after caesarean delivery (CD) under spinal anaesthesia (SA).] METHODS: A total of 457 healthy parturients undergoing CD under SA were included in this prospective, observational study. Groups differed in the postoperative analgesic strategies received by the parturient at the end of surgery: group D (n = 148) received intramuscular diclofenac sodium, group I (n = 153) received bilateral IIIH block with bupivacaine plus clonidine and group T (n = 156) received bilateral TAP block with bupivacaine plus clonidine. Total duration of postoperative analgesia, numerical pain rating scale (NRS) scores, patient satisfaction score, rescue analgesics in the first 48 h postoperatively and adverse effects were observed. A value of P < 0.05 was taken as significant. RESULTS: Total duration of analgesia was longest (18.2 ± 1.3 h) in group T and shortest in group D (6.3 ± 0.8 h) compared to group I (13.1 ± 1.2 h) (P < 0.001). Total analgesic requirement in postoperative 48 h was lowest in group T (152.1 ± 34.9 mg), highest in group D (355.0 ± 25.6 mg) and intermediate in group I (221.0 ± 30.0 mg) (P < 0.001). Mean NRS scores were lower in group T compared to those in groups D and I. The patients in group T were extremely satisfied, in group I were satisfied and in group D were dissatisfied (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Bilateral TAP block with bupivacaine and clonidine after CD under SA increases the duration of postoperative analgesia.