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Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women

CONTEXT: Premenopausal women are at a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to men, but the underlying mechanism(s) remain elusive. The secretion of the incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), from the small intestine is a maj...

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Autores principales: Xie, Cong, Huang, Weikun, Sun, Yixuan, Xiang, Chunjie, Trahair, Laurence, Jones, Karen L, Horowitz, Michael, Rayner, Christopher K, Wu, Tongzhi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10438868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36987568
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad176
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author Xie, Cong
Huang, Weikun
Sun, Yixuan
Xiang, Chunjie
Trahair, Laurence
Jones, Karen L
Horowitz, Michael
Rayner, Christopher K
Wu, Tongzhi
author_facet Xie, Cong
Huang, Weikun
Sun, Yixuan
Xiang, Chunjie
Trahair, Laurence
Jones, Karen L
Horowitz, Michael
Rayner, Christopher K
Wu, Tongzhi
author_sort Xie, Cong
collection PubMed
description CONTEXT: Premenopausal women are at a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to men, but the underlying mechanism(s) remain elusive. The secretion of the incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), from the small intestine is a major determinant of glucose homeostasis and may be influenced by sex. OBJECTIVES: This study compared blood glucose and plasma insulin and incretin responses to intraduodenal glucose infusions in healthy young males and females. DESIGN: In Study 1, 9 women and 20 men received an intraduodenal glucose infusion at 2 kcal/min for 60 minutes. In Study 2, 10 women and 26 men received an intraduodenal glucose at 3 kcal/min for 60 minutes. Venous blood was sampled every 15 minutes for measurements of blood glucose and plasma insulin, GLP-1 and GIP. RESULTS: In response to intraduodenal glucose at 2 kcal/min, the incremental area under the curve between t = 0-60 minutes (iAUC(0-60min)) for blood glucose and plasma GIP did not differ between the 2 groups. However, iAUC(0-60min) for plasma GLP-1 (P = 0.016) and insulin (P = 0.011) were ∼2-fold higher in women than men. In response to intraduodenal glucose at 3 kcal/min, iAUC(0-60min) for blood glucose, plasma GIP, and insulin did not differ between women and men, but GLP-1 iAUC(0-60min) was 2.5-fold higher in women (P = 0.012). CONCLUSION: Healthy young women exhibit comparable GIP but a markedly greater GLP-1 response to intraduodenal glucose than men. This disparity warrants further investigations to delineate the underlying mechanisms and may be of relevance to the reduced risk of diabetes in premenopausal women when compared to men.
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spelling pubmed-104388682023-08-19 Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women Xie, Cong Huang, Weikun Sun, Yixuan Xiang, Chunjie Trahair, Laurence Jones, Karen L Horowitz, Michael Rayner, Christopher K Wu, Tongzhi J Clin Endocrinol Metab Clinical Research Article CONTEXT: Premenopausal women are at a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to men, but the underlying mechanism(s) remain elusive. The secretion of the incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), from the small intestine is a major determinant of glucose homeostasis and may be influenced by sex. OBJECTIVES: This study compared blood glucose and plasma insulin and incretin responses to intraduodenal glucose infusions in healthy young males and females. DESIGN: In Study 1, 9 women and 20 men received an intraduodenal glucose infusion at 2 kcal/min for 60 minutes. In Study 2, 10 women and 26 men received an intraduodenal glucose at 3 kcal/min for 60 minutes. Venous blood was sampled every 15 minutes for measurements of blood glucose and plasma insulin, GLP-1 and GIP. RESULTS: In response to intraduodenal glucose at 2 kcal/min, the incremental area under the curve between t = 0-60 minutes (iAUC(0-60min)) for blood glucose and plasma GIP did not differ between the 2 groups. However, iAUC(0-60min) for plasma GLP-1 (P = 0.016) and insulin (P = 0.011) were ∼2-fold higher in women than men. In response to intraduodenal glucose at 3 kcal/min, iAUC(0-60min) for blood glucose, plasma GIP, and insulin did not differ between women and men, but GLP-1 iAUC(0-60min) was 2.5-fold higher in women (P = 0.012). CONCLUSION: Healthy young women exhibit comparable GIP but a markedly greater GLP-1 response to intraduodenal glucose than men. This disparity warrants further investigations to delineate the underlying mechanisms and may be of relevance to the reduced risk of diabetes in premenopausal women when compared to men. Oxford University Press 2023-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10438868/ /pubmed/36987568 http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad176 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Clinical Research Article
Xie, Cong
Huang, Weikun
Sun, Yixuan
Xiang, Chunjie
Trahair, Laurence
Jones, Karen L
Horowitz, Michael
Rayner, Christopher K
Wu, Tongzhi
Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women
title Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women
title_full Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women
title_fullStr Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women
title_full_unstemmed Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women
title_short Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women
title_sort disparities in the glycemic and incretin responses to intraduodenal glucose infusion between healthy young men and women
topic Clinical Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10438868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36987568
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad176
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