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An English list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings
To enable flexible and controlled research on personality, information processing, and interactions in socio-emotional contexts, the availability of highly controlled stimulus material, especially trait words and related attributes, is indispensable. Existing word databases contain mainly nouns and...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10439032/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35962307 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-01921-5 |
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author | Britz, Sara Rader, Lena Gauggel, Siegfried Mainz, Verena |
author_facet | Britz, Sara Rader, Lena Gauggel, Siegfried Mainz, Verena |
author_sort | Britz, Sara |
collection | PubMed |
description | To enable flexible and controlled research on personality, information processing, and interactions in socio-emotional contexts, the availability of highly controlled stimulus material, especially trait words and related attributes, is indispensable. Existing word databases contain mainly nouns and rating dimensions, and their role in studies within socio-emotional contexts are limited. This study aimed to create an English list of traits (ELoT), a database containing 500 trait adjectives rated by a large sample (n = 822, 57.42% female). The rating categories refer to the perceived valence associated with the traits and their social desirability and observability. Participants of different ages (18 to 65 years of age) and educational levels rated the words in an online survey. Both valence and social desirability ratings showed a bimodal distribution, indicating that most traits were rated either positive (respectively socially desirable) or negative (respectively socially undesirable), with fewer words rated as neutral. For observability, a bell-shaped distribution was found. Results indicated a strong association between valence and social desirability, whereas observability ratings were only moderately associated with the other ratings. Valence and social desirability ratings were not related to participants’ age or gender, but observability ratings were different for females and males, and for younger, middle-aged, and older participants. The ELoT is an extensive, freely available database of trait norms. The large sample and the balanced age and gender distributions allow to account for age- and gender-specific effects during stimulus selection. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.3758/s13428-022-01921-5. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10439032 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104390322023-08-20 An English list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings Britz, Sara Rader, Lena Gauggel, Siegfried Mainz, Verena Behav Res Methods Article To enable flexible and controlled research on personality, information processing, and interactions in socio-emotional contexts, the availability of highly controlled stimulus material, especially trait words and related attributes, is indispensable. Existing word databases contain mainly nouns and rating dimensions, and their role in studies within socio-emotional contexts are limited. This study aimed to create an English list of traits (ELoT), a database containing 500 trait adjectives rated by a large sample (n = 822, 57.42% female). The rating categories refer to the perceived valence associated with the traits and their social desirability and observability. Participants of different ages (18 to 65 years of age) and educational levels rated the words in an online survey. Both valence and social desirability ratings showed a bimodal distribution, indicating that most traits were rated either positive (respectively socially desirable) or negative (respectively socially undesirable), with fewer words rated as neutral. For observability, a bell-shaped distribution was found. Results indicated a strong association between valence and social desirability, whereas observability ratings were only moderately associated with the other ratings. Valence and social desirability ratings were not related to participants’ age or gender, but observability ratings were different for females and males, and for younger, middle-aged, and older participants. The ELoT is an extensive, freely available database of trait norms. The large sample and the balanced age and gender distributions allow to account for age- and gender-specific effects during stimulus selection. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.3758/s13428-022-01921-5. Springer US 2022-08-12 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10439032/ /pubmed/35962307 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-01921-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Britz, Sara Rader, Lena Gauggel, Siegfried Mainz, Verena An English list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings |
title | An English list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings |
title_full | An English list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings |
title_fullStr | An English list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings |
title_full_unstemmed | An English list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings |
title_short | An English list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings |
title_sort | english list of trait words including valence, social desirability, and observability ratings |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10439032/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35962307 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-01921-5 |
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