A Retrospective Analysis of Clinico-Demographic and Genetic Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: A Single-Center Study

Introduction: Treatment failure and relapse rates are more likely to occur when there is isoniazid (INH) resistance. So, we can no longer ignore the problem of isoniazid mono-resistance. It is pertinent to control the spread of primary INH resistance and prevent secondary resistance. Aim: This study aims to evaluate subjects’ clinical, demographic, and genetic characteristics and explore their treatment outcomes. Methods: All data of isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis (TB) patients, which were maintained in the electronic database of mandatory notifications (NIKSHAY Portal) between 2017 and 2022, were reviewed. A total of 54 patients were included after excluding five patients with ongoing treatment. Results: Of 54 patients, 41 (75.9%) were cured, which was classified under favorable outcome, and the rest were classified under unfavorable outcome. Phenotypic, high-level mutation (katG) was found in 48 (88.9%) patients. Kaplan-Meier curves show that survival probabilities increase in weeks with regular intake of drugs. Conclusion: Our study found that those with younger ages and males were more affected. We found favorable outcomes in the majority of patients.