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Case report: A case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare histiocytic disorder characterized by reactive hyperplasia of the mononuclear phagocytic system, which is primarily caused by dysfunction of cytotoxic killer cells and natural killer cells, leading to antigen clearance barriers and the overactivatio...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cao, Yanli, Liu, Peijun, Song, Qiuling, Wang, Jing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10440429/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37608831
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1209174
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author Cao, Yanli
Liu, Peijun
Song, Qiuling
Wang, Jing
author_facet Cao, Yanli
Liu, Peijun
Song, Qiuling
Wang, Jing
author_sort Cao, Yanli
collection PubMed
description Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare histiocytic disorder characterized by reactive hyperplasia of the mononuclear phagocytic system, which is primarily caused by dysfunction of cytotoxic killer cells and natural killer cells, leading to antigen clearance barriers and the overactivation of the mononuclear phagocytic system due to continuous antigen stimulation. HLH encompasses a group of clinical syndromes marked by the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines. A 68-year-old Chinese man presented with persistent fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting; the patient had no history of any underlying conditions. Laboratory investigations revealed decreased levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, along with reduced natural killer cell activity, increased CD25, hyperferritinemia, and the detection of Rickettsia DNA in his blood, meeting the diagnostic criteria of the Histiocyte Society HLH-2004 guidelines. The patient was treated with antibiotics, improving anemia, glucocorticoid therapy, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), temporarily improving his condition. However, the patient died after 2 years from chronic renal failure caused by septic shock.
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spelling pubmed-104404292023-08-22 Case report: A case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome Cao, Yanli Liu, Peijun Song, Qiuling Wang, Jing Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare histiocytic disorder characterized by reactive hyperplasia of the mononuclear phagocytic system, which is primarily caused by dysfunction of cytotoxic killer cells and natural killer cells, leading to antigen clearance barriers and the overactivation of the mononuclear phagocytic system due to continuous antigen stimulation. HLH encompasses a group of clinical syndromes marked by the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines. A 68-year-old Chinese man presented with persistent fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting; the patient had no history of any underlying conditions. Laboratory investigations revealed decreased levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, along with reduced natural killer cell activity, increased CD25, hyperferritinemia, and the detection of Rickettsia DNA in his blood, meeting the diagnostic criteria of the Histiocyte Society HLH-2004 guidelines. The patient was treated with antibiotics, improving anemia, glucocorticoid therapy, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), temporarily improving his condition. However, the patient died after 2 years from chronic renal failure caused by septic shock. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10440429/ /pubmed/37608831 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1209174 Text en Copyright © 2023 Cao, Liu, Song and Wang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Cao, Yanli
Liu, Peijun
Song, Qiuling
Wang, Jing
Case report: A case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome
title Case report: A case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome
title_full Case report: A case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome
title_fullStr Case report: A case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Case report: A case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome
title_short Case report: A case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome
title_sort case report: a case of sepsis caused by rickettsial infection-induced hemophagocytic syndrome
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10440429/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37608831
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1209174
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