Evaluation of renal function in rats with moderate and mild brain trauma

BACKGROUND: We aimed to diagnose possible acute kidney injury (AKI) with new early biochemical markers in patients who were admitted to the emergency department frequently with mild and moderate brain trauma, and to prevent possible complications, shorten the duration of treatment and hospital stay. With this purpose, we decided to reach our scientific target using the experimental rat model. METHODS: Wistar albino rats were included our experiment. Fifteen rats were randomly separated into three groups: Sham control (n=1: Underwent craniotomy alone), control (n=7: Without craniotomy), and trauma group (n=7: Underwent craniotomy followed by brain injury). RESULTS: There were no significant differences groups creatinine levels within 0 and 24 h (0.35±0.02 and 0.33±0.03, respectively, p>0.05). Plasma NGAL and KIM1 concentrations were statistically significant different in both control and trauma groups (Friedman p<0.05) and significant differences at both NGAL and KIM-1 concentrations at dual comparisons by means of all sampling time (0–2 h, 0–24 h, and 2–24 h) (Wilcoxon p<0.001, after Bonferroni correction). CONCLUSION: The presence of AKI in patients with mild-to-moderate brain trauma increases the risk of mortality. Early diagnosis of AKI reduces the hospitalization period and requiring of dialysis. Diagnosis of AKI within 24 h with early biomarkers and starting therapy is crucial issues.