Acetobacter pasteurianus BP2201 alleviates alcohol‐induced hepatic and neuro‐toxicity and modulate gut microbiota in mice

The excessive consumption of alcohol results in a dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, which subsequently impairs the gut microbiota‐brain/liver axes and induces cognitive dysfunction and hepatic injury. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of Acetobacter pasteurianus BP2201 in reducing the negative effects of alcohol consumption on cognitive function and liver health by modulating the gut microbiota‐brain/liver axes. Treatment with A. pasteurianus BP2201 improved alcohol‐induced hippocampal damage, suppressed neuroinflammation, promoted neuroprotein expression in the hippocampus and enhanced cognitive function. At the same time, A. pasteurianus BP2201 can also reduce serum lipid levels, relieve oxidative stress, inhibit TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway, reduce the secretion of TNF‐α and IL‐1β, so as to improve alcoholic liver injury. Concomitantly, the treatment with A. pasteurianus BP2201 leads to a shift in the intestinal microbiota structure towards that of healthy individuals, inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria and promoting the recovery of beneficial bacteria. In addition, it also improves brain cognitive dysfunction and liver health by affecting the gut microbiota‐brain/liver axes by promoting the synthesis of relevant amino acids and the metabolism of nucleotide base components. These findings demonstrate the potential of regulating the gut microbiome and gut microbiota‐brain/liver axes to mitigate alcohol‐induced disease.