Investigating an abnormal hump phenomenon in top gate a-InGaZnO thin-film transistors due to mobile sodium diffusion

Top gate a-InGaZnO (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) annealed at high temperature show excellent initial current–voltage (I–V) characteristics. However, when they are exposed to positive gate bias for a long time, hump can occur in the subthreshold region. This abnormal hump is accelerated at a higher positive gate voltage and mitigate by a negative gate voltage. While the strength of the hump is irrelevant to a change in channel width, it relies significantly on channel length. This phenomenon might be due to mobile Na ions diffused from a glass substrate migrating toward the back and edge side of the IGZO semiconductor by a vertical gate electric field. When a layer of Al(2)O(3) is formed between the IGZO semiconductor and the glass substrate, the hump phenomenon could be successfully solved by serving as a barrier for Na ions moving into the IGZO.