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Association between smoking and colorectal cancer in Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO): A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Smoking poses a significant risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), considered the third leading reason for cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, there has been limited research on the relationship between smoking and CRC in the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO). Therefore, a me...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Keivanlou, Mohammad-Hossein, Amini-Salehi, Ehsan, Hassanipour, Soheil, Mahapatro, Abinash, Raghuma, Nakka, Joukar, Farahnaz, Letafatkar, Negin, Habibi, Arman, Norouzi, Naeim, Aleali, Maryam Sadat, Javid, Mona, Mirdamadi, Arian, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10445494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37470665
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/sjg.sjg_163_23
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Smoking poses a significant risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), considered the third leading reason for cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, there has been limited research on the relationship between smoking and CRC in the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO). Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to combine available data and gain a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between smoking and CRC in EMRO. METHODS: Two independent researchers searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science until December 2022. The included studies were checked for risk of bias administering the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics and the Cochrane test. Publication bias was determined through funnel plot analysis and Egger’s regression test. Additionally, a meta-regression analysis explored the impact of a country’s Human Development Index (HDI) on the relationship between smoking and CRC. RESULTS: The final analysis included 26 studies, revealing a significant association between smoking and CRC (OR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.11 - 1.78; P = 0.004). Moreover, smoking had a more pronounced adverse effect on CRC in countries with higher HDIs compared to those with lower HDIs (OR = 1.30; 95% CI: 0.99 - 1.71; P = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore the importance of implementing smoking cessation programs and policies in EMRO countries, as they demonstrate a positive relationship between smoking and the risk of CRC. Furthermore, the results suggest that a country’s level of human development may influence the association between smoking and CRC. Further research is needed to investigate this potential connection and develop targeted public health interventions.