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Nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: A case study
Background: Photocatalytic air purifiers based on nano-titanium dioxide (TiO (2)) visible light activation provide an efficient solution for removing and degrading contaminants in air. The potential detachment of TiO (2) particles from the air purifier to indoor air could cause a safety concern. A T...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
F1000 Research Limited
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10446146/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37645270 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14771.1 |
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author | Koivisto, Antti Joonas Trabucco, Sara Ravegnani, Fabrizio Calzolari, Francescopiero Nicosia, Alessia Del Secco, Benedetta Altin, Marko Morabito, Elisa Blosi, Magda Costa, Anna Belosi, Franco |
author_facet | Koivisto, Antti Joonas Trabucco, Sara Ravegnani, Fabrizio Calzolari, Francescopiero Nicosia, Alessia Del Secco, Benedetta Altin, Marko Morabito, Elisa Blosi, Magda Costa, Anna Belosi, Franco |
author_sort | Koivisto, Antti Joonas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Photocatalytic air purifiers based on nano-titanium dioxide (TiO (2)) visible light activation provide an efficient solution for removing and degrading contaminants in air. The potential detachment of TiO (2) particles from the air purifier to indoor air could cause a safety concern. A TiO (2) release potential was measured for one commercially available photocatalytic air purifier “Gearbox Wivactive” to ensure a successful implementation of the photocatalytic air purifying technology. Methods: In this study, the TiO (2) release was studied under laboratory-simulated conditions from a Gearbox Wivactive consisting of ceramic honeycombs coated with photocatalytic nitrogen doped TiO (2) particles. The TiO (2) particle release factor was measured in scalable units according to the photoactive surface area and volume flow (TiO (2)-ng/m (2)×m (3)). The impact of Gearbox Wivactive on indoor concentration level under reasonable worst-case conditions was predicted by using the release factor and a well-mixed indoor aerosol model. Results: The instrumentation and experimental setup was not sufficiently sensitive to quantify the emissions from the photoactive surfaces. The upper limit for TiO (2) mass release was <185×10 (-3) TiO (2)-ng/m (2)×m (3). Under realistic conditions the TiO (2) concentration level in a 20 m (3) room ventilated at rate of 0.5 1/h and containing two Gearbox Wivactive units resulted <20×10 (-3) TiO (2)-ng/m (3). Conclusions: The release potential was quantified for a photocatalytic surface in generalized units that can be used to calculate the emission potential for different photocatalytic surfaces used in various operational conditions. This study shows that the TiO (2) nanoparticle release potential was low in this case and the release does not cause relevant exposure as compared to proposed occupational exposure limit values for nanosized TiO (2). The TiO (2) release risk was adequately controlled under reasonable worst-case operational conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10446146 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | F1000 Research Limited |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104461462023-08-29 Nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: A case study Koivisto, Antti Joonas Trabucco, Sara Ravegnani, Fabrizio Calzolari, Francescopiero Nicosia, Alessia Del Secco, Benedetta Altin, Marko Morabito, Elisa Blosi, Magda Costa, Anna Belosi, Franco Open Res Eur Research Article Background: Photocatalytic air purifiers based on nano-titanium dioxide (TiO (2)) visible light activation provide an efficient solution for removing and degrading contaminants in air. The potential detachment of TiO (2) particles from the air purifier to indoor air could cause a safety concern. A TiO (2) release potential was measured for one commercially available photocatalytic air purifier “Gearbox Wivactive” to ensure a successful implementation of the photocatalytic air purifying technology. Methods: In this study, the TiO (2) release was studied under laboratory-simulated conditions from a Gearbox Wivactive consisting of ceramic honeycombs coated with photocatalytic nitrogen doped TiO (2) particles. The TiO (2) particle release factor was measured in scalable units according to the photoactive surface area and volume flow (TiO (2)-ng/m (2)×m (3)). The impact of Gearbox Wivactive on indoor concentration level under reasonable worst-case conditions was predicted by using the release factor and a well-mixed indoor aerosol model. Results: The instrumentation and experimental setup was not sufficiently sensitive to quantify the emissions from the photoactive surfaces. The upper limit for TiO (2) mass release was <185×10 (-3) TiO (2)-ng/m (2)×m (3). Under realistic conditions the TiO (2) concentration level in a 20 m (3) room ventilated at rate of 0.5 1/h and containing two Gearbox Wivactive units resulted <20×10 (-3) TiO (2)-ng/m (3). Conclusions: The release potential was quantified for a photocatalytic surface in generalized units that can be used to calculate the emission potential for different photocatalytic surfaces used in various operational conditions. This study shows that the TiO (2) nanoparticle release potential was low in this case and the release does not cause relevant exposure as compared to proposed occupational exposure limit values for nanosized TiO (2). The TiO (2) release risk was adequately controlled under reasonable worst-case operational conditions. F1000 Research Limited 2022-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10446146/ /pubmed/37645270 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14771.1 Text en Copyright: © 2022 Koivisto AJ et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Koivisto, Antti Joonas Trabucco, Sara Ravegnani, Fabrizio Calzolari, Francescopiero Nicosia, Alessia Del Secco, Benedetta Altin, Marko Morabito, Elisa Blosi, Magda Costa, Anna Belosi, Franco Nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: A case study |
title | Nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: A case study |
title_full | Nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: A case study |
title_fullStr | Nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: A case study |
title_full_unstemmed | Nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: A case study |
title_short | Nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: A case study |
title_sort | nanosized titanium dioxide particle emission potential from a commercial indoor air purifier photocatalytic surface: a case study |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10446146/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37645270 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14771.1 |
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