Virus detection using bio-based analysis systems: a review of biorecognition strategies

Infectious illnesses are on the rise in today’s world, with serious consequences for animals, plants, and humans. Several infections, including the human immunodeficiency virus, affect a large number of individuals in various countries, particularly in the poorer portions of contemporary society, and continue to cause a variety of health problems. Viruses are tiny parasitic organisms. They are infectious agents that can only reproduce within a live cell of an organism. Viruses may infect any living organism. For clinical point-of-care applications, early detections for harmful agents such as bacteria, viruses are critical. The possibility of worldwide epidemics as a result of viral propagation emphasizes the importance of creating speedy, precise, and sensitive early detection systems. Furthermore, because certain viruses have a long latent phase and can evolve from one person to another, early detection during the incubation period is critical for improving recovery rates and avoiding pandemics. Nowadays, there has been various bio-based detection systems that have rapid reaction times, user-friendly, cost-effective, and repeatable. In this review, biological molecule-based detection technologies which focus on virus analysis are examined.