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Done in 65 ms: Express Visuomotor Responses in Upper Limb Muscles in Rhesus Macaques

How rapidly can the brain transform vision into action? Work in humans has established that the transformation for visually-guided reaching can be remarkably rapid, with the first phase of upper limb muscle recruitment, the express visuomotor response, beginning within less than 100 ms of visual tar...

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Autores principales: Cecala, Aaron L., Kozak, Rebecca A., Pruszynski, J. Andrew, Corneil, Brian D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Society for Neuroscience 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10449271/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37507227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0078-23.2023
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author Cecala, Aaron L.
Kozak, Rebecca A.
Pruszynski, J. Andrew
Corneil, Brian D.
author_facet Cecala, Aaron L.
Kozak, Rebecca A.
Pruszynski, J. Andrew
Corneil, Brian D.
author_sort Cecala, Aaron L.
collection PubMed
description How rapidly can the brain transform vision into action? Work in humans has established that the transformation for visually-guided reaching can be remarkably rapid, with the first phase of upper limb muscle recruitment, the express visuomotor response, beginning within less than 100 ms of visual target presentation. Such short-latency responses limit the opportunities for extensive cortical processing, leading to the hypothesis that they are generated via the subcortical tecto-reticulo-spinal pathway. Here, we examine whether nonhuman primates (NHPs) exhibit express visuomotor responses. Two male macaques made visually-guided reaches in a behavioral paradigm known to elicit express visuomotor responses in humans, while we acquired intramuscular recordings from the deltoid muscle. Across several variants of this paradigm, express visuomotor responses began within 65 ms (range: 48–91 ms) of target presentation. Although the timing of the express visuomotor response did not co-vary with reaction time, larger express visuomotor responses tended to precede shorter latency reaches. Further, we observed that the magnitude of the express visuomotor response could be muted by contextual context, although this effect was quite variable. Overall, the response properties in NHPs resemble those in humans. Our results establish a new benchmark for visuomotor transformations underlying visually-guided reaches, setting the stage for experiments that can directly compare the role of cortical and subcortical areas in reaching when time is of the essence.
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spelling pubmed-104492712023-08-25 Done in 65 ms: Express Visuomotor Responses in Upper Limb Muscles in Rhesus Macaques Cecala, Aaron L. Kozak, Rebecca A. Pruszynski, J. Andrew Corneil, Brian D. eNeuro Research Article: New Research How rapidly can the brain transform vision into action? Work in humans has established that the transformation for visually-guided reaching can be remarkably rapid, with the first phase of upper limb muscle recruitment, the express visuomotor response, beginning within less than 100 ms of visual target presentation. Such short-latency responses limit the opportunities for extensive cortical processing, leading to the hypothesis that they are generated via the subcortical tecto-reticulo-spinal pathway. Here, we examine whether nonhuman primates (NHPs) exhibit express visuomotor responses. Two male macaques made visually-guided reaches in a behavioral paradigm known to elicit express visuomotor responses in humans, while we acquired intramuscular recordings from the deltoid muscle. Across several variants of this paradigm, express visuomotor responses began within 65 ms (range: 48–91 ms) of target presentation. Although the timing of the express visuomotor response did not co-vary with reaction time, larger express visuomotor responses tended to precede shorter latency reaches. Further, we observed that the magnitude of the express visuomotor response could be muted by contextual context, although this effect was quite variable. Overall, the response properties in NHPs resemble those in humans. Our results establish a new benchmark for visuomotor transformations underlying visually-guided reaches, setting the stage for experiments that can directly compare the role of cortical and subcortical areas in reaching when time is of the essence. Society for Neuroscience 2023-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10449271/ /pubmed/37507227 http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0078-23.2023 Text en Copyright © 2023 Cecala et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle Research Article: New Research
Cecala, Aaron L.
Kozak, Rebecca A.
Pruszynski, J. Andrew
Corneil, Brian D.
Done in 65 ms: Express Visuomotor Responses in Upper Limb Muscles in Rhesus Macaques
title Done in 65 ms: Express Visuomotor Responses in Upper Limb Muscles in Rhesus Macaques
title_full Done in 65 ms: Express Visuomotor Responses in Upper Limb Muscles in Rhesus Macaques
title_fullStr Done in 65 ms: Express Visuomotor Responses in Upper Limb Muscles in Rhesus Macaques
title_full_unstemmed Done in 65 ms: Express Visuomotor Responses in Upper Limb Muscles in Rhesus Macaques
title_short Done in 65 ms: Express Visuomotor Responses in Upper Limb Muscles in Rhesus Macaques
title_sort done in 65 ms: express visuomotor responses in upper limb muscles in rhesus macaques
topic Research Article: New Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10449271/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37507227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0078-23.2023
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