Assessing and Modelling of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Using Molecular and Functional Biomarkers

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Current global statistics indicate that approximately 1 in 13 individuals will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some point in their lives. PTSD is a complex psychological disorder that emerges as a result of exposure to traumatic events, and its intricate nature poses challenges for diagnosis. The focus should be directed towards identifying the catalytic factors of PTSD, which can serve as molecular or functional biomarkers. To address this, an extensive review of research sources to compile a comprehensive list of catalytic factors at both the molecular and functional levels was conducted. A mathematical model encompassing all the significant catalytic factors was proposed, with the future aim of developing a holistic model of PTSD that will incorporate a panel of characteristics. Furthermore, the behavior of these factors at the genetic level, considering both ontological and network perspectives was explored, enabling the gain of a deeper understanding of PTSD by capturing their interconnectivity and biological roles. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first comprehensive examination and modeling of catalytic factors in PTSD, taking into account their interconnected associations. ABSTRACT: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex psychological disorder that develops following exposure to traumatic events. PTSD is influenced by catalytic factors such as dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, neurotransmitter imbalances, and oxidative stress. Genetic variations may act as important catalysts, impacting neurochemical signaling, synaptic plasticity, and stress response systems. Understanding the intricate gene networks and their interactions is vital for comprehending the underlying mechanisms of PTSD. Focusing on the catalytic factors of PTSD is essential because they provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of the disorder. By understanding these factors and their interplay, researchers may uncover potential targets for interventions and therapies, leading to more effective and personalized treatments for individuals with PTSD. The aforementioned gene networks, composed of specific genes associated with the disorder, provide a comprehensive view of the molecular pathways and regulatory mechanisms involved in PTSD. Through this study valuable insights into the disorder’s underlying mechanisms and opening avenues for effective treatments, personalized interventions, and the development of biomarkers for early detection and monitoring are provided.