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The Defeathering Effect by Scalding in Chickens Follows Their Intrinsic Dermal Histologies

SIMPLE SUMMARY: The intrinsic differences of skin histology between the feather calamus and the surrounding outer follicle sheath and neighboring cutaneous tissues reflect their resistance to thermal denaturation and account for the defeathering effect by scalding in various breeds and ages of chick...

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Autores principales: Shung, Chia-Cheng, Hsin, Kun-Yi, Tan, Fa-Jui, Chen, Shuen-Ei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10451932/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37627375
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13162584
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author Shung, Chia-Cheng
Hsin, Kun-Yi
Tan, Fa-Jui
Chen, Shuen-Ei
author_facet Shung, Chia-Cheng
Hsin, Kun-Yi
Tan, Fa-Jui
Chen, Shuen-Ei
author_sort Shung, Chia-Cheng
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: The intrinsic differences of skin histology between the feather calamus and the surrounding outer follicle sheath and neighboring cutaneous tissues reflect their resistance to thermal denaturation and account for the defeathering effect by scalding in various breeds and ages of chickens. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to delineate the fundamental skin histology and its association with feathers in broilers and native Red-Feather (RF) chickens and further elucidate their thermal alterations in respect to the defeathering effect by scalding. Comparisons of skin thickness between fresh samples and those after dehydration and fixation, as well as their collagen contents and histological differences, suggested that RF chickens had a thicker dermal layer with more collagen deposition and compact architecture, particularly in the neck and abdominal skin, but a thinner hypodermal layer in the back, chest, and abdomen skin. Despite an adolescent age, RF chickens showed a shorter calamus depth of tail feathers but a larger calamus diameter of wing feathers. Within the feather follicle punch, a very intense follicle sheath layer with compact collagenous matrixes to fulfill the space next to the inner feather root sheath was observed in RF chickens. Under both soft and hard scalding, RF chickens showed a lower degree of denaturation on hip skins and were more resistant to structural disintegration, primarily within the epidermal and dermal layer. Accordingly, a much narrower gap space between the feather sheath and surrounding follicle sheath was observed, and the gap expansion was also resistant to thermal changes. These results suggest that the defeathering effect by scalding follows the intrinsic skin histologies in chickens of various breeds and ages, primarily depending on the interaction of the feather calamus with the surrounding follicle sheath and neighboring cutaneous tissues, reflecting their resistance to thermal denaturation, but is irrelevant to the feathers per se.
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spelling pubmed-104519322023-08-26 The Defeathering Effect by Scalding in Chickens Follows Their Intrinsic Dermal Histologies Shung, Chia-Cheng Hsin, Kun-Yi Tan, Fa-Jui Chen, Shuen-Ei Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: The intrinsic differences of skin histology between the feather calamus and the surrounding outer follicle sheath and neighboring cutaneous tissues reflect their resistance to thermal denaturation and account for the defeathering effect by scalding in various breeds and ages of chickens. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to delineate the fundamental skin histology and its association with feathers in broilers and native Red-Feather (RF) chickens and further elucidate their thermal alterations in respect to the defeathering effect by scalding. Comparisons of skin thickness between fresh samples and those after dehydration and fixation, as well as their collagen contents and histological differences, suggested that RF chickens had a thicker dermal layer with more collagen deposition and compact architecture, particularly in the neck and abdominal skin, but a thinner hypodermal layer in the back, chest, and abdomen skin. Despite an adolescent age, RF chickens showed a shorter calamus depth of tail feathers but a larger calamus diameter of wing feathers. Within the feather follicle punch, a very intense follicle sheath layer with compact collagenous matrixes to fulfill the space next to the inner feather root sheath was observed in RF chickens. Under both soft and hard scalding, RF chickens showed a lower degree of denaturation on hip skins and were more resistant to structural disintegration, primarily within the epidermal and dermal layer. Accordingly, a much narrower gap space between the feather sheath and surrounding follicle sheath was observed, and the gap expansion was also resistant to thermal changes. These results suggest that the defeathering effect by scalding follows the intrinsic skin histologies in chickens of various breeds and ages, primarily depending on the interaction of the feather calamus with the surrounding follicle sheath and neighboring cutaneous tissues, reflecting their resistance to thermal denaturation, but is irrelevant to the feathers per se. MDPI 2023-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10451932/ /pubmed/37627375 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13162584 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shung, Chia-Cheng
Hsin, Kun-Yi
Tan, Fa-Jui
Chen, Shuen-Ei
The Defeathering Effect by Scalding in Chickens Follows Their Intrinsic Dermal Histologies
title The Defeathering Effect by Scalding in Chickens Follows Their Intrinsic Dermal Histologies
title_full The Defeathering Effect by Scalding in Chickens Follows Their Intrinsic Dermal Histologies
title_fullStr The Defeathering Effect by Scalding in Chickens Follows Their Intrinsic Dermal Histologies
title_full_unstemmed The Defeathering Effect by Scalding in Chickens Follows Their Intrinsic Dermal Histologies
title_short The Defeathering Effect by Scalding in Chickens Follows Their Intrinsic Dermal Histologies
title_sort defeathering effect by scalding in chickens follows their intrinsic dermal histologies
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10451932/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37627375
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13162584
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