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Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy
Urinary tract infections are among the most frequent infectious diseases and require screening a great amount of urine samples from patients. However, a high percentage of samples result as negative after urine culture plate tests (CPTs), demanding a simple and fast preliminary technique to screen o...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10452265/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37622874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13080789 |
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author | Gigli, Lucia Braidotti, Nicoletta Lima, Maria Augusta do R. B. F. Ciubotaru, Catalin Dacian Cojoc, Dan |
author_facet | Gigli, Lucia Braidotti, Nicoletta Lima, Maria Augusta do R. B. F. Ciubotaru, Catalin Dacian Cojoc, Dan |
author_sort | Gigli, Lucia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Urinary tract infections are among the most frequent infectious diseases and require screening a great amount of urine samples from patients. However, a high percentage of samples result as negative after urine culture plate tests (CPTs), demanding a simple and fast preliminary technique to screen out the negative samples. We propose a digital holographic microscopy (DHM) method to inspect fresh urine samples flowing in a glass capillary for 3 min, recording holograms at 2 frames per second. After digital reconstruction, bacteria, white and red blood cells, epithelial cells and crystals were identified and counted, and the samples were classified as negative or positive according to clinical cutoff values. Taking the CPT as reference, we processed 180 urine samples and compared the results with those of urine flow cytometry (UFC). Using standard evaluation metrics for our screening test, we found a similar performance for DHM and UFC, indicating DHM as a suitable and fast screening technique retaining several advantages. As a benefit of DHM, the technique is label-free and does not require sample preparation. Moreover, the phase and amplitude images of the cells and other particles present in urine are digitally recorded and can serve for further investigation afterwards. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10452265 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104522652023-08-26 Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy Gigli, Lucia Braidotti, Nicoletta Lima, Maria Augusta do R. B. F. Ciubotaru, Catalin Dacian Cojoc, Dan Biosensors (Basel) Article Urinary tract infections are among the most frequent infectious diseases and require screening a great amount of urine samples from patients. However, a high percentage of samples result as negative after urine culture plate tests (CPTs), demanding a simple and fast preliminary technique to screen out the negative samples. We propose a digital holographic microscopy (DHM) method to inspect fresh urine samples flowing in a glass capillary for 3 min, recording holograms at 2 frames per second. After digital reconstruction, bacteria, white and red blood cells, epithelial cells and crystals were identified and counted, and the samples were classified as negative or positive according to clinical cutoff values. Taking the CPT as reference, we processed 180 urine samples and compared the results with those of urine flow cytometry (UFC). Using standard evaluation metrics for our screening test, we found a similar performance for DHM and UFC, indicating DHM as a suitable and fast screening technique retaining several advantages. As a benefit of DHM, the technique is label-free and does not require sample preparation. Moreover, the phase and amplitude images of the cells and other particles present in urine are digitally recorded and can serve for further investigation afterwards. MDPI 2023-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10452265/ /pubmed/37622874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13080789 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Gigli, Lucia Braidotti, Nicoletta Lima, Maria Augusta do R. B. F. Ciubotaru, Catalin Dacian Cojoc, Dan Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy |
title | Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy |
title_full | Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy |
title_fullStr | Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy |
title_full_unstemmed | Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy |
title_short | Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy |
title_sort | label-free analysis of urine samples with in-flow digital holographic microscopy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10452265/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37622874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13080789 |
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