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High-Throughput Antibody Profiling Identifies Targets of Protective Immunity against P. falciparum Malaria in Thailand

Malaria poses a significant global health challenge, resulting in approximately 600,000 deaths each year. Individuals living in regions with endemic malaria have the potential to develop partial immunity, thanks in part to the presence of anti-plasmodium antibodies. As efforts are made to optimize a...

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Autores principales: Hassan, Ifra, Kanoi, Bernard N., Nagaoka, Hikaru, Sattabongkot, Jetsumon, Udomsangpetch, Rachanee, Tsuboi, Takafumi, Takashima, Eizo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10452476/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37627332
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13081267
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author Hassan, Ifra
Kanoi, Bernard N.
Nagaoka, Hikaru
Sattabongkot, Jetsumon
Udomsangpetch, Rachanee
Tsuboi, Takafumi
Takashima, Eizo
author_facet Hassan, Ifra
Kanoi, Bernard N.
Nagaoka, Hikaru
Sattabongkot, Jetsumon
Udomsangpetch, Rachanee
Tsuboi, Takafumi
Takashima, Eizo
author_sort Hassan, Ifra
collection PubMed
description Malaria poses a significant global health challenge, resulting in approximately 600,000 deaths each year. Individuals living in regions with endemic malaria have the potential to develop partial immunity, thanks in part to the presence of anti-plasmodium antibodies. As efforts are made to optimize and implement strategies to reduce malaria transmission and ultimately eliminate the disease, it is crucial to understand how these interventions impact naturally acquired protective immunity. To shed light on this, our study focused on assessing antibody responses to a carefully curated library of P. falciparum recombinant proteins (n = 691) using samples collected from individuals residing in a low-malaria-transmission region of Thailand. We conducted the antibody assays using the AlphaScreen system, a high-throughput homogeneous proximity-based bead assay that detects protein interactions. We observed that out of the 691 variable surface and merozoite stage proteins included in the library, antibodies to 268 antigens significantly correlated with the absence of symptomatic malaria in an univariate analysis. Notably, the most prominent antigens identified were P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) domains. These results align with our previous research conducted in Uganda, suggesting that similar antigens like PfEMP1s might play a pivotal role in determining infection outcomes in diverse populations. To further our understanding, it remains critical to conduct functional characterization of these identified proteins, exploring their potential as correlates of protection or as targets for vaccine development.
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spelling pubmed-104524762023-08-26 High-Throughput Antibody Profiling Identifies Targets of Protective Immunity against P. falciparum Malaria in Thailand Hassan, Ifra Kanoi, Bernard N. Nagaoka, Hikaru Sattabongkot, Jetsumon Udomsangpetch, Rachanee Tsuboi, Takafumi Takashima, Eizo Biomolecules Article Malaria poses a significant global health challenge, resulting in approximately 600,000 deaths each year. Individuals living in regions with endemic malaria have the potential to develop partial immunity, thanks in part to the presence of anti-plasmodium antibodies. As efforts are made to optimize and implement strategies to reduce malaria transmission and ultimately eliminate the disease, it is crucial to understand how these interventions impact naturally acquired protective immunity. To shed light on this, our study focused on assessing antibody responses to a carefully curated library of P. falciparum recombinant proteins (n = 691) using samples collected from individuals residing in a low-malaria-transmission region of Thailand. We conducted the antibody assays using the AlphaScreen system, a high-throughput homogeneous proximity-based bead assay that detects protein interactions. We observed that out of the 691 variable surface and merozoite stage proteins included in the library, antibodies to 268 antigens significantly correlated with the absence of symptomatic malaria in an univariate analysis. Notably, the most prominent antigens identified were P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) domains. These results align with our previous research conducted in Uganda, suggesting that similar antigens like PfEMP1s might play a pivotal role in determining infection outcomes in diverse populations. To further our understanding, it remains critical to conduct functional characterization of these identified proteins, exploring their potential as correlates of protection or as targets for vaccine development. MDPI 2023-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10452476/ /pubmed/37627332 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13081267 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hassan, Ifra
Kanoi, Bernard N.
Nagaoka, Hikaru
Sattabongkot, Jetsumon
Udomsangpetch, Rachanee
Tsuboi, Takafumi
Takashima, Eizo
High-Throughput Antibody Profiling Identifies Targets of Protective Immunity against P. falciparum Malaria in Thailand
title High-Throughput Antibody Profiling Identifies Targets of Protective Immunity against P. falciparum Malaria in Thailand
title_full High-Throughput Antibody Profiling Identifies Targets of Protective Immunity against P. falciparum Malaria in Thailand
title_fullStr High-Throughput Antibody Profiling Identifies Targets of Protective Immunity against P. falciparum Malaria in Thailand
title_full_unstemmed High-Throughput Antibody Profiling Identifies Targets of Protective Immunity against P. falciparum Malaria in Thailand
title_short High-Throughput Antibody Profiling Identifies Targets of Protective Immunity against P. falciparum Malaria in Thailand
title_sort high-throughput antibody profiling identifies targets of protective immunity against p. falciparum malaria in thailand
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10452476/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37627332
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13081267
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