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Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia—A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are ubiquitously expressed in the human body. They protect the brain and central nervous system from self and foreign antigens/pathogens. The immune response elicited by these receptors culminates in the release of...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10452856/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37627253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13081188 |
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author | Patlola, Saahithh Redddi Donohoe, Gary McKernan, Declan P. |
author_facet | Patlola, Saahithh Redddi Donohoe, Gary McKernan, Declan P. |
author_sort | Patlola, Saahithh Redddi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are ubiquitously expressed in the human body. They protect the brain and central nervous system from self and foreign antigens/pathogens. The immune response elicited by these receptors culminates in the release of cytokines, chemokines, and interferons causing an inflammatory response, which can be both beneficial and harmful to neurodevelopment. In addition, the detrimental effects of TLR activation have been implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, etc. Many studies also support the theory that cytokine imbalance may be involved in schizophrenia, and a vast amount of literature showcases the deleterious effects of this imbalance on cognitive performance in the human population. In this review, we examine the current literature on TLRs, their potential role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, factors affecting TLR activity that contribute towards the risk of schizophrenia, and lastly, the role of TLRs and their impact on cognitive performance in schizophrenia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10452856 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104528562023-08-26 Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia—A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors Patlola, Saahithh Redddi Donohoe, Gary McKernan, Declan P. Biomolecules Review Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are ubiquitously expressed in the human body. They protect the brain and central nervous system from self and foreign antigens/pathogens. The immune response elicited by these receptors culminates in the release of cytokines, chemokines, and interferons causing an inflammatory response, which can be both beneficial and harmful to neurodevelopment. In addition, the detrimental effects of TLR activation have been implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, etc. Many studies also support the theory that cytokine imbalance may be involved in schizophrenia, and a vast amount of literature showcases the deleterious effects of this imbalance on cognitive performance in the human population. In this review, we examine the current literature on TLRs, their potential role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, factors affecting TLR activity that contribute towards the risk of schizophrenia, and lastly, the role of TLRs and their impact on cognitive performance in schizophrenia. MDPI 2023-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10452856/ /pubmed/37627253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13081188 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Patlola, Saahithh Redddi Donohoe, Gary McKernan, Declan P. Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia—A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors |
title | Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia—A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors |
title_full | Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia—A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors |
title_fullStr | Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia—A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors |
title_full_unstemmed | Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia—A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors |
title_short | Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia—A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors |
title_sort | counting the toll of inflammation on schizophrenia—a potential role for toll-like receptors |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10452856/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37627253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13081188 |
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