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Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling
Vat photopolymerization typically prints highly crosslinked networks. Printing hydrogels, which are also networks but with a high swelling capacity in water and therefore with low crosslinking density, is a challenge for this technique. However, it may be of interest in medicine and in other areas,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10452991/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37623055 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9080600 |
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author | Liz-Basteiro, Pedro Reviriego, Felipe Martínez-Campos, Enrique Reinecke, Helmut Elvira, Carlos Rodríguez-Hernández, Juan Gallardo, Alberto |
author_facet | Liz-Basteiro, Pedro Reviriego, Felipe Martínez-Campos, Enrique Reinecke, Helmut Elvira, Carlos Rodríguez-Hernández, Juan Gallardo, Alberto |
author_sort | Liz-Basteiro, Pedro |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vat photopolymerization typically prints highly crosslinked networks. Printing hydrogels, which are also networks but with a high swelling capacity in water and therefore with low crosslinking density, is a challenge for this technique. However, it may be of interest in medicine and in other areas, since it would allow for the preparation of this type of 3D-shaped material. In this work, an approach for printing hydrogels via vat photopolymerization that uses a mixture of stable and hydrolysable crosslinkers has been evaluated so that an initial highly crosslinked network can be printed, although after hydrolysis it becomes a network with low crosslinking. This approach has been studied with PEO/PEG-related formulations, that is, with a PEG-dimethacrylate as a stable crosslinker, a PEO-related derivative carrying β-aminoesters as a degradable crosslinker, and PEG-methyl ether acrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate as monofunctional monomers. A wide family of formulations has been studied, maintaining the weight percentage of the crosslinkers at 15%. Resins have been studied in terms of viscosity, and the printing process has been evaluated through the generation of Jacobs working curves. It has been shown that this approach allows for the printing of pieces of different shapes and sizes via vat photopolymerization, and that these pieces can re-ajust their water content in a tailored fashion through treatments in different media (PBS or pH 10 buffer). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10452991 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104529912023-08-26 Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling Liz-Basteiro, Pedro Reviriego, Felipe Martínez-Campos, Enrique Reinecke, Helmut Elvira, Carlos Rodríguez-Hernández, Juan Gallardo, Alberto Gels Article Vat photopolymerization typically prints highly crosslinked networks. Printing hydrogels, which are also networks but with a high swelling capacity in water and therefore with low crosslinking density, is a challenge for this technique. However, it may be of interest in medicine and in other areas, since it would allow for the preparation of this type of 3D-shaped material. In this work, an approach for printing hydrogels via vat photopolymerization that uses a mixture of stable and hydrolysable crosslinkers has been evaluated so that an initial highly crosslinked network can be printed, although after hydrolysis it becomes a network with low crosslinking. This approach has been studied with PEO/PEG-related formulations, that is, with a PEG-dimethacrylate as a stable crosslinker, a PEO-related derivative carrying β-aminoesters as a degradable crosslinker, and PEG-methyl ether acrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate as monofunctional monomers. A wide family of formulations has been studied, maintaining the weight percentage of the crosslinkers at 15%. Resins have been studied in terms of viscosity, and the printing process has been evaluated through the generation of Jacobs working curves. It has been shown that this approach allows for the printing of pieces of different shapes and sizes via vat photopolymerization, and that these pieces can re-ajust their water content in a tailored fashion through treatments in different media (PBS or pH 10 buffer). MDPI 2023-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10452991/ /pubmed/37623055 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9080600 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Liz-Basteiro, Pedro Reviriego, Felipe Martínez-Campos, Enrique Reinecke, Helmut Elvira, Carlos Rodríguez-Hernández, Juan Gallardo, Alberto Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling |
title | Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling |
title_full | Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling |
title_fullStr | Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling |
title_full_unstemmed | Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling |
title_short | Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling |
title_sort | vat photopolymerization 3d printing of hydrogels with re-adjustable swelling |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10452991/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37623055 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9080600 |
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