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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
Vascular liver disorders (VLDs) comprise a wide spectrum of clinical-pathological entities that primarily affect the hepatic vascular system of both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. VLDs more frequently involve the portal and the hepatic veins, as well as liver sinusoids, resulting in an imbala...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10454315/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37628933 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612754 |
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author | Giuli, Lucia Pallozzi, Maria Venturini, Giulia Gasbarrini, Antonio Ponziani, Francesca Romana Santopaolo, Francesco |
author_facet | Giuli, Lucia Pallozzi, Maria Venturini, Giulia Gasbarrini, Antonio Ponziani, Francesca Romana Santopaolo, Francesco |
author_sort | Giuli, Lucia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vascular liver disorders (VLDs) comprise a wide spectrum of clinical-pathological entities that primarily affect the hepatic vascular system of both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. VLDs more frequently involve the portal and the hepatic veins, as well as liver sinusoids, resulting in an imbalance of liver homeostasis with serious consequences, such as the development of portal hypertension and liver fibrosis. Surprisingly, many VLDs are characterized by a prothrombotic phenotype. The molecular mechanisms that cause thrombosis in VLD are only partially explained by the alteration in the Virchow’s triad (hypercoagulability, blood stasis, and endothelial damage) and nowadays their pathogenesis is incompletely described and understood. Studies about this topic have been hampered by the low incidence of VLDs in the general population and by the absence of suitable animal models. Recently, the role of coagulation imbalance in liver disease has been postulated as one of the main mechanisms linked to fibrogenesis, so a novel interest in vascular alterations of the liver has been renewed. This review provides a detailed analysis of the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms of VLD. We also focus on the promising role of anticoagulation as a strategy to prevent liver complications and to improve the outcome of these patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10454315 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104543152023-08-26 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis Giuli, Lucia Pallozzi, Maria Venturini, Giulia Gasbarrini, Antonio Ponziani, Francesca Romana Santopaolo, Francesco Int J Mol Sci Review Vascular liver disorders (VLDs) comprise a wide spectrum of clinical-pathological entities that primarily affect the hepatic vascular system of both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. VLDs more frequently involve the portal and the hepatic veins, as well as liver sinusoids, resulting in an imbalance of liver homeostasis with serious consequences, such as the development of portal hypertension and liver fibrosis. Surprisingly, many VLDs are characterized by a prothrombotic phenotype. The molecular mechanisms that cause thrombosis in VLD are only partially explained by the alteration in the Virchow’s triad (hypercoagulability, blood stasis, and endothelial damage) and nowadays their pathogenesis is incompletely described and understood. Studies about this topic have been hampered by the low incidence of VLDs in the general population and by the absence of suitable animal models. Recently, the role of coagulation imbalance in liver disease has been postulated as one of the main mechanisms linked to fibrogenesis, so a novel interest in vascular alterations of the liver has been renewed. This review provides a detailed analysis of the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms of VLD. We also focus on the promising role of anticoagulation as a strategy to prevent liver complications and to improve the outcome of these patients. MDPI 2023-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10454315/ /pubmed/37628933 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612754 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Giuli, Lucia Pallozzi, Maria Venturini, Giulia Gasbarrini, Antonio Ponziani, Francesca Romana Santopaolo, Francesco Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis |
title | Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis |
title_full | Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis |
title_fullStr | Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis |
title_short | Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis |
title_sort | molecular mechanisms underlying vascular liver diseases: focus on thrombosis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10454315/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37628933 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612754 |
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