Cargando…

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis

Vascular liver disorders (VLDs) comprise a wide spectrum of clinical-pathological entities that primarily affect the hepatic vascular system of both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. VLDs more frequently involve the portal and the hepatic veins, as well as liver sinusoids, resulting in an imbala...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Giuli, Lucia, Pallozzi, Maria, Venturini, Giulia, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Ponziani, Francesca Romana, Santopaolo, Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10454315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37628933
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612754
_version_ 1785096162597928960
author Giuli, Lucia
Pallozzi, Maria
Venturini, Giulia
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Ponziani, Francesca Romana
Santopaolo, Francesco
author_facet Giuli, Lucia
Pallozzi, Maria
Venturini, Giulia
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Ponziani, Francesca Romana
Santopaolo, Francesco
author_sort Giuli, Lucia
collection PubMed
description Vascular liver disorders (VLDs) comprise a wide spectrum of clinical-pathological entities that primarily affect the hepatic vascular system of both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. VLDs more frequently involve the portal and the hepatic veins, as well as liver sinusoids, resulting in an imbalance of liver homeostasis with serious consequences, such as the development of portal hypertension and liver fibrosis. Surprisingly, many VLDs are characterized by a prothrombotic phenotype. The molecular mechanisms that cause thrombosis in VLD are only partially explained by the alteration in the Virchow’s triad (hypercoagulability, blood stasis, and endothelial damage) and nowadays their pathogenesis is incompletely described and understood. Studies about this topic have been hampered by the low incidence of VLDs in the general population and by the absence of suitable animal models. Recently, the role of coagulation imbalance in liver disease has been postulated as one of the main mechanisms linked to fibrogenesis, so a novel interest in vascular alterations of the liver has been renewed. This review provides a detailed analysis of the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms of VLD. We also focus on the promising role of anticoagulation as a strategy to prevent liver complications and to improve the outcome of these patients.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10454315
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-104543152023-08-26 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis Giuli, Lucia Pallozzi, Maria Venturini, Giulia Gasbarrini, Antonio Ponziani, Francesca Romana Santopaolo, Francesco Int J Mol Sci Review Vascular liver disorders (VLDs) comprise a wide spectrum of clinical-pathological entities that primarily affect the hepatic vascular system of both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. VLDs more frequently involve the portal and the hepatic veins, as well as liver sinusoids, resulting in an imbalance of liver homeostasis with serious consequences, such as the development of portal hypertension and liver fibrosis. Surprisingly, many VLDs are characterized by a prothrombotic phenotype. The molecular mechanisms that cause thrombosis in VLD are only partially explained by the alteration in the Virchow’s triad (hypercoagulability, blood stasis, and endothelial damage) and nowadays their pathogenesis is incompletely described and understood. Studies about this topic have been hampered by the low incidence of VLDs in the general population and by the absence of suitable animal models. Recently, the role of coagulation imbalance in liver disease has been postulated as one of the main mechanisms linked to fibrogenesis, so a novel interest in vascular alterations of the liver has been renewed. This review provides a detailed analysis of the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms of VLD. We also focus on the promising role of anticoagulation as a strategy to prevent liver complications and to improve the outcome of these patients. MDPI 2023-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10454315/ /pubmed/37628933 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612754 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Giuli, Lucia
Pallozzi, Maria
Venturini, Giulia
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Ponziani, Francesca Romana
Santopaolo, Francesco
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
title Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
title_full Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
title_fullStr Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
title_short Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
title_sort molecular mechanisms underlying vascular liver diseases: focus on thrombosis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10454315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37628933
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612754
work_keys_str_mv AT giulilucia molecularmechanismsunderlyingvascularliverdiseasesfocusonthrombosis
AT pallozzimaria molecularmechanismsunderlyingvascularliverdiseasesfocusonthrombosis
AT venturinigiulia molecularmechanismsunderlyingvascularliverdiseasesfocusonthrombosis
AT gasbarriniantonio molecularmechanismsunderlyingvascularliverdiseasesfocusonthrombosis
AT ponzianifrancescaromana molecularmechanismsunderlyingvascularliverdiseasesfocusonthrombosis
AT santopaolofrancesco molecularmechanismsunderlyingvascularliverdiseasesfocusonthrombosis