Synthesis of hydroxy benzoin/benzil analogs and investigation of their antioxidant, antimicrobial, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic activities

In this study, hydroxy benzoin ( 1-7 ), benzil ( 8-14 ), and benzoin/benzil-O-β-D-glucosides ( 15-25 ) were synthesized to investigate their biological activities. An efficient method for synthesizing hydroxy benzoin compounds ( 1 - 7 ) was prepared from four different benzaldehydes using an ultrasonic bath. Then, antioxidant (FRAP, CUPRAC, and DPPH), antimicrobial (3 Gram (-), 4/6 Gram (+), one tuberculosis and one fungus), and enzyme inhibition (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholine esterase, tyrosinase, α-amylase, and α- glucosidase) for the all synthesized compounds ( 1-25 ) were evaluated. And also, four most active compounds ( 4 , 12 , 18a+b , and 25 ) from each group were evaluated to the human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) and anticancer screening tests against the human retinal normal cell line (RPE). Compound 4 showed HeLa and RPE cancer cell activities as much as cisplatin. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (NMR, FT-IR, UV, LC-QTOF-MS) and the ACD NMR program’s help.