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Study on the Influences of Adding Rare Earth Ce on the Precipitation Behaviors of TiN Inclusions in 20CrMnTi

The morphologies and sizes of TiN inclusions in gear steel 20CrMnTi have a significant impact on its service performance. This paper selects rare earth Ce to modify TiN inclusions in 20CrMnTi. The inclusions are analyzed by SEM (scanning electron microscope), EBSD (electron back-scattered diffractio...

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Autores principales: Wang, Jian, Peng, Jun, Liu, Lixia, Zhang, Fang, Peng, Jihua, Tang, Hao, Zheng, Jie, An, Shengli
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10456667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37629888
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16165598
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author Wang, Jian
Peng, Jun
Liu, Lixia
Zhang, Fang
Peng, Jihua
Tang, Hao
Zheng, Jie
An, Shengli
author_facet Wang, Jian
Peng, Jun
Liu, Lixia
Zhang, Fang
Peng, Jihua
Tang, Hao
Zheng, Jie
An, Shengli
author_sort Wang, Jian
collection PubMed
description The morphologies and sizes of TiN inclusions in gear steel 20CrMnTi have a significant impact on its service performance. This paper selects rare earth Ce to modify TiN inclusions in 20CrMnTi. The inclusions are analyzed by SEM (scanning electron microscope), EBSD (electron back-scattered diffraction), EDS (energy disperse spectroscopy), and OTS statistical software, and Thermo-Calc software is used to calculate the inclusion formations. The inclusions of MgAlO(4)-Ce and CeAlO(3) can be formed when rare earth Ce is added into 20CrMnTi, which becomes TiN nucleation core after precipitation. Without the addition of rare earth Ce, square TiN inclusions ranging from 2 to 5 μm account for 60% of the total inclusions in 20CrMnTi. After adding rare earth Ce, the TiN inclusions in 20CrMnTiCe account for 36.7% of the total inclusions. Due to the new phase formations of MgAlO(4)-TiN and CeAlO(3)-TiN with sizes less than 2 μm, the titanium-containing inclusions are refined. Fatigue tests are conducted on the steels before and after the addition of Ce. The average fatigue lives of 20CrMnTi do not reach 10(7) times, and the deviations between the maximum and minimum fatigue lives are great. Large-sized TiN are the main inclusions that affect the fatigue performance of 20CrMnTi. The average fatigue lives of 20CrMnTiCe exceed 10(7) times, and the deviations of the fatigue lives are smaller than those of 20CrMnTi.
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spelling pubmed-104566672023-08-26 Study on the Influences of Adding Rare Earth Ce on the Precipitation Behaviors of TiN Inclusions in 20CrMnTi Wang, Jian Peng, Jun Liu, Lixia Zhang, Fang Peng, Jihua Tang, Hao Zheng, Jie An, Shengli Materials (Basel) Article The morphologies and sizes of TiN inclusions in gear steel 20CrMnTi have a significant impact on its service performance. This paper selects rare earth Ce to modify TiN inclusions in 20CrMnTi. The inclusions are analyzed by SEM (scanning electron microscope), EBSD (electron back-scattered diffraction), EDS (energy disperse spectroscopy), and OTS statistical software, and Thermo-Calc software is used to calculate the inclusion formations. The inclusions of MgAlO(4)-Ce and CeAlO(3) can be formed when rare earth Ce is added into 20CrMnTi, which becomes TiN nucleation core after precipitation. Without the addition of rare earth Ce, square TiN inclusions ranging from 2 to 5 μm account for 60% of the total inclusions in 20CrMnTi. After adding rare earth Ce, the TiN inclusions in 20CrMnTiCe account for 36.7% of the total inclusions. Due to the new phase formations of MgAlO(4)-TiN and CeAlO(3)-TiN with sizes less than 2 μm, the titanium-containing inclusions are refined. Fatigue tests are conducted on the steels before and after the addition of Ce. The average fatigue lives of 20CrMnTi do not reach 10(7) times, and the deviations between the maximum and minimum fatigue lives are great. Large-sized TiN are the main inclusions that affect the fatigue performance of 20CrMnTi. The average fatigue lives of 20CrMnTiCe exceed 10(7) times, and the deviations of the fatigue lives are smaller than those of 20CrMnTi. MDPI 2023-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10456667/ /pubmed/37629888 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16165598 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wang, Jian
Peng, Jun
Liu, Lixia
Zhang, Fang
Peng, Jihua
Tang, Hao
Zheng, Jie
An, Shengli
Study on the Influences of Adding Rare Earth Ce on the Precipitation Behaviors of TiN Inclusions in 20CrMnTi
title Study on the Influences of Adding Rare Earth Ce on the Precipitation Behaviors of TiN Inclusions in 20CrMnTi
title_full Study on the Influences of Adding Rare Earth Ce on the Precipitation Behaviors of TiN Inclusions in 20CrMnTi
title_fullStr Study on the Influences of Adding Rare Earth Ce on the Precipitation Behaviors of TiN Inclusions in 20CrMnTi
title_full_unstemmed Study on the Influences of Adding Rare Earth Ce on the Precipitation Behaviors of TiN Inclusions in 20CrMnTi
title_short Study on the Influences of Adding Rare Earth Ce on the Precipitation Behaviors of TiN Inclusions in 20CrMnTi
title_sort study on the influences of adding rare earth ce on the precipitation behaviors of tin inclusions in 20crmnti
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10456667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37629888
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16165598
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