Cargando…
Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that affects every aspect of a patient’s life and which may be treated through different pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Analgesics are the drugs most commonly used to treat pain, and in specific situations, the use of opioid...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10457775/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15082088 |
_version_ | 1785097005572292608 |
---|---|
author | De Rosa, Federica Giannatiempo, Bruno Charlier, Bruno Coglianese, Albino Mensitieri, Francesca Gaudino, Giulia Cozzolino, Armando Filippelli, Amelia Piazza, Ornella Dal Piaz, Fabrizio Izzo, Viviana |
author_facet | De Rosa, Federica Giannatiempo, Bruno Charlier, Bruno Coglianese, Albino Mensitieri, Francesca Gaudino, Giulia Cozzolino, Armando Filippelli, Amelia Piazza, Ornella Dal Piaz, Fabrizio Izzo, Viviana |
author_sort | De Rosa, Federica |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that affects every aspect of a patient’s life and which may be treated through different pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Analgesics are the drugs most commonly used to treat pain, and in specific situations, the use of opioids may be considered with caution. These drugs, in fact, do not always induce optimal analgesia in patients, and several problems are associated with their use. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the pharmacological approaches currently used for the management of chronic pain. We review several aspects, from the pain-scale-based methods currently available to assess the type and intensity of pain, to the most frequently administered drugs (non-narcotic analgesics and narcotic analgesics), whose pharmacological characteristics are briefly reported. Overall, we attempt to provide an overview of different pharmacological treatments while also illustrating the relevant guidelines and indications. We then report the strategies that may be used to reduce problems related to opioid use. Specifically, we focus our attention on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), a tool that could help clinicians select the most suitable drug and dose to be used for each patient. The actual potential of using TDM to optimize and personalize opioid-based pain treatments is finally discussed based on recent scientific reports. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10457775 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104577752023-08-27 Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain De Rosa, Federica Giannatiempo, Bruno Charlier, Bruno Coglianese, Albino Mensitieri, Francesca Gaudino, Giulia Cozzolino, Armando Filippelli, Amelia Piazza, Ornella Dal Piaz, Fabrizio Izzo, Viviana Pharmaceutics Review Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that affects every aspect of a patient’s life and which may be treated through different pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Analgesics are the drugs most commonly used to treat pain, and in specific situations, the use of opioids may be considered with caution. These drugs, in fact, do not always induce optimal analgesia in patients, and several problems are associated with their use. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the pharmacological approaches currently used for the management of chronic pain. We review several aspects, from the pain-scale-based methods currently available to assess the type and intensity of pain, to the most frequently administered drugs (non-narcotic analgesics and narcotic analgesics), whose pharmacological characteristics are briefly reported. Overall, we attempt to provide an overview of different pharmacological treatments while also illustrating the relevant guidelines and indications. We then report the strategies that may be used to reduce problems related to opioid use. Specifically, we focus our attention on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), a tool that could help clinicians select the most suitable drug and dose to be used for each patient. The actual potential of using TDM to optimize and personalize opioid-based pain treatments is finally discussed based on recent scientific reports. MDPI 2023-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10457775/ /pubmed/37631302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15082088 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review De Rosa, Federica Giannatiempo, Bruno Charlier, Bruno Coglianese, Albino Mensitieri, Francesca Gaudino, Giulia Cozzolino, Armando Filippelli, Amelia Piazza, Ornella Dal Piaz, Fabrizio Izzo, Viviana Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain |
title | Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain |
title_full | Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain |
title_fullStr | Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain |
title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain |
title_short | Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain |
title_sort | pharmacological treatments and therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with chronic pain |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10457775/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631302 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15082088 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT derosafederica pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT giannatiempobruno pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT charlierbruno pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT coglianesealbino pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT mensitierifrancesca pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT gaudinogiulia pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT cozzolinoarmando pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT filippelliamelia pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT piazzaornella pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT dalpiazfabrizio pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain AT izzoviviana pharmacologicaltreatmentsandtherapeuticdrugmonitoringinpatientswithchronicpain |