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Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances

Smallpox was eradicated in less than 200 years after Edward Jenner’s practice of cowpox variolation in 1796. The forty-three years of us living free of smallpox, beginning in 1979, never truly separated us from poxviruses. The recent outbreak of monkeypox in May 2022 might well warn us of the necess...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Wang, Yuxiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10457812/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37632084
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15081742
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author Wang, Yuxiang
author_facet Wang, Yuxiang
author_sort Wang, Yuxiang
collection PubMed
description Smallpox was eradicated in less than 200 years after Edward Jenner’s practice of cowpox variolation in 1796. The forty-three years of us living free of smallpox, beginning in 1979, never truly separated us from poxviruses. The recent outbreak of monkeypox in May 2022 might well warn us of the necessity of keeping up both the scientific research and public awareness of poxviruses. One of them in particular, the vaccinia virus (VACV), has been extensively studied as a vector given its broad host range, extraordinary thermal stability, and exceptional immunogenicity. Unceasing fundamental biological research on VACV provides us with a better understanding of its genetic elements, involvement in cellular signaling pathways, and modulation of host immune responses. This enables the rational design of safer and more efficacious next-generation vectors. To address the new technological advancement within the past decade in VACV research, this review covers the studies of viral immunomodulatory genes, modifications in commonly used vectors, novel mechanisms for rapid generation and purification of recombinant virus, and several other innovative approaches to studying its biology.
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spelling pubmed-104578122023-08-27 Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances Wang, Yuxiang Viruses Review Smallpox was eradicated in less than 200 years after Edward Jenner’s practice of cowpox variolation in 1796. The forty-three years of us living free of smallpox, beginning in 1979, never truly separated us from poxviruses. The recent outbreak of monkeypox in May 2022 might well warn us of the necessity of keeping up both the scientific research and public awareness of poxviruses. One of them in particular, the vaccinia virus (VACV), has been extensively studied as a vector given its broad host range, extraordinary thermal stability, and exceptional immunogenicity. Unceasing fundamental biological research on VACV provides us with a better understanding of its genetic elements, involvement in cellular signaling pathways, and modulation of host immune responses. This enables the rational design of safer and more efficacious next-generation vectors. To address the new technological advancement within the past decade in VACV research, this review covers the studies of viral immunomodulatory genes, modifications in commonly used vectors, novel mechanisms for rapid generation and purification of recombinant virus, and several other innovative approaches to studying its biology. MDPI 2023-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10457812/ /pubmed/37632084 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15081742 Text en © 2023 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wang, Yuxiang
Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances
title Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances
title_full Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances
title_fullStr Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances
title_full_unstemmed Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances
title_short Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances
title_sort rendezvous with vaccinia virus in the post-smallpox era: r&d advances
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10457812/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37632084
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15081742
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