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Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility of Candida albicans Biofilms to Antifungal Agents

Candida albicans (C. albicans) reigns as a major cause of clinical candidiasis. C. albicans biofilms are known to increase resistance to antifungal agents, making biofilm-related infections particularly challenging to treat. Drug resistance is of particular concern due to the spread of multidrug-res...

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Autores principales: Shen, Jiadi, Ma, Ming, Duan, Wei, Huang, Yun, Shi, Banruo, Wu, Qiaochu, Wei, Xin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10458732/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37630575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082015
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author Shen, Jiadi
Ma, Ming
Duan, Wei
Huang, Yun
Shi, Banruo
Wu, Qiaochu
Wei, Xin
author_facet Shen, Jiadi
Ma, Ming
Duan, Wei
Huang, Yun
Shi, Banruo
Wu, Qiaochu
Wei, Xin
author_sort Shen, Jiadi
collection PubMed
description Candida albicans (C. albicans) reigns as a major cause of clinical candidiasis. C. albicans biofilms are known to increase resistance to antifungal agents, making biofilm-related infections particularly challenging to treat. Drug resistance is of particular concern due to the spread of multidrug-resistant fungal pathogens, while autophagy is crucial for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of an activator and an inhibitor of autophagy on the susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms to antifungal agents and the related mechanisms. The susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms to different antifungal agents after treatment with or without the autophagy activator or inhibitor was evaluated using XTT assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, as well as the expression of ROS-related and autophagy-related genes, were examined to evaluate the autophagic activity of C. albicans biofilms when treated with antifungal agents. The autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms to antifungal agents changed when autophagy changed. The ALP activity and ROS level of C. albicans biofilms increased with the treatment of antifungal agents, and autophagosomes could be observed in C. albicans biofilms. Autophagy was involved in the susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms to antifungal agents.
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spelling pubmed-104587322023-08-27 Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility of Candida albicans Biofilms to Antifungal Agents Shen, Jiadi Ma, Ming Duan, Wei Huang, Yun Shi, Banruo Wu, Qiaochu Wei, Xin Microorganisms Article Candida albicans (C. albicans) reigns as a major cause of clinical candidiasis. C. albicans biofilms are known to increase resistance to antifungal agents, making biofilm-related infections particularly challenging to treat. Drug resistance is of particular concern due to the spread of multidrug-resistant fungal pathogens, while autophagy is crucial for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of an activator and an inhibitor of autophagy on the susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms to antifungal agents and the related mechanisms. The susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms to different antifungal agents after treatment with or without the autophagy activator or inhibitor was evaluated using XTT assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, as well as the expression of ROS-related and autophagy-related genes, were examined to evaluate the autophagic activity of C. albicans biofilms when treated with antifungal agents. The autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms to antifungal agents changed when autophagy changed. The ALP activity and ROS level of C. albicans biofilms increased with the treatment of antifungal agents, and autophagosomes could be observed in C. albicans biofilms. Autophagy was involved in the susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms to antifungal agents. MDPI 2023-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10458732/ /pubmed/37630575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082015 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shen, Jiadi
Ma, Ming
Duan, Wei
Huang, Yun
Shi, Banruo
Wu, Qiaochu
Wei, Xin
Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility of Candida albicans Biofilms to Antifungal Agents
title Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility of Candida albicans Biofilms to Antifungal Agents
title_full Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility of Candida albicans Biofilms to Antifungal Agents
title_fullStr Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility of Candida albicans Biofilms to Antifungal Agents
title_full_unstemmed Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility of Candida albicans Biofilms to Antifungal Agents
title_short Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility of Candida albicans Biofilms to Antifungal Agents
title_sort autophagy alters the susceptibility of candida albicans biofilms to antifungal agents
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10458732/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37630575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082015
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