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Tracing down the Updates on Dengue Virus—Molecular Biology, Antivirals, and Vaccine Strategies

Background: Nearly half of the world is at risk of developing dengue infection. Dengue virus is the causative agent behind this public healthcare concern. Millions of dengue cases are reported every year, leading to thousands of deaths. The scientific community is working to develop effective therap...

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Autores principales: Malik, Shiza, Ahsan, Omar, Mumtaz, Hassan, Tahir Khan, Muhammad, Sah, Ranjit, Waheed, Yasir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10458802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631896
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081328
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author Malik, Shiza
Ahsan, Omar
Mumtaz, Hassan
Tahir Khan, Muhammad
Sah, Ranjit
Waheed, Yasir
author_facet Malik, Shiza
Ahsan, Omar
Mumtaz, Hassan
Tahir Khan, Muhammad
Sah, Ranjit
Waheed, Yasir
author_sort Malik, Shiza
collection PubMed
description Background: Nearly half of the world is at risk of developing dengue infection. Dengue virus is the causative agent behind this public healthcare concern. Millions of dengue cases are reported every year, leading to thousands of deaths. The scientific community is working to develop effective therapeutic strategies in the form of vaccines and antiviral drugs against dengue. Methods: In this review, a methodological approach has been used to gather data from the past five years to include the latest developments against the dengue virus. Results: Different therapeutics and antiviral targets against the dengue virus are at different stages of development, but none have been approved by the FDA. Moreover, various vaccination strategies have also been discussed, including attenuated virus vaccines, recombinant subunit vaccines, viral vector vaccines, DNA vaccines, nanotechnology, and plant-based vaccines, which are used to develop effective vaccines for the dengue virus. Many dengue vaccines pass the initial phases of evaluation, but only two vaccines have been approved for public use. DENGVAXIA is the only FDA-approved vaccine against all four stereotypes of the dengue virus, but it is licensed for use only in individuals 6–16 years of age with laboratory-confirmed previous dengue infection and living in endemic countries. Takeda is the second vaccine approved for use in the European Union, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Argentina, Indonesia, and Thailand. It produced sustained antibody responses against all four serotypes of dengue virus, regardless of previous exposure and dosing schedule. Other dengue vaccine candidates at different stages of development are TV-003/005, TDENV PIV, V180, and some DNA vaccines. Conclusion: There is a need to put more effort into developing effective vaccines and therapeutics for dengue, as already approved vaccines and therapeutics have limitations. DENGVAXIA is approved for use in children and teenagers who are 6–16 years of age and have confirmed dengue infection, while Takeda is approved for use in certain countries, and it has withdrawn its application for FDA approval.
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spelling pubmed-104588022023-08-27 Tracing down the Updates on Dengue Virus—Molecular Biology, Antivirals, and Vaccine Strategies Malik, Shiza Ahsan, Omar Mumtaz, Hassan Tahir Khan, Muhammad Sah, Ranjit Waheed, Yasir Vaccines (Basel) Review Background: Nearly half of the world is at risk of developing dengue infection. Dengue virus is the causative agent behind this public healthcare concern. Millions of dengue cases are reported every year, leading to thousands of deaths. The scientific community is working to develop effective therapeutic strategies in the form of vaccines and antiviral drugs against dengue. Methods: In this review, a methodological approach has been used to gather data from the past five years to include the latest developments against the dengue virus. Results: Different therapeutics and antiviral targets against the dengue virus are at different stages of development, but none have been approved by the FDA. Moreover, various vaccination strategies have also been discussed, including attenuated virus vaccines, recombinant subunit vaccines, viral vector vaccines, DNA vaccines, nanotechnology, and plant-based vaccines, which are used to develop effective vaccines for the dengue virus. Many dengue vaccines pass the initial phases of evaluation, but only two vaccines have been approved for public use. DENGVAXIA is the only FDA-approved vaccine against all four stereotypes of the dengue virus, but it is licensed for use only in individuals 6–16 years of age with laboratory-confirmed previous dengue infection and living in endemic countries. Takeda is the second vaccine approved for use in the European Union, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Argentina, Indonesia, and Thailand. It produced sustained antibody responses against all four serotypes of dengue virus, regardless of previous exposure and dosing schedule. Other dengue vaccine candidates at different stages of development are TV-003/005, TDENV PIV, V180, and some DNA vaccines. Conclusion: There is a need to put more effort into developing effective vaccines and therapeutics for dengue, as already approved vaccines and therapeutics have limitations. DENGVAXIA is approved for use in children and teenagers who are 6–16 years of age and have confirmed dengue infection, while Takeda is approved for use in certain countries, and it has withdrawn its application for FDA approval. MDPI 2023-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10458802/ /pubmed/37631896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081328 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Malik, Shiza
Ahsan, Omar
Mumtaz, Hassan
Tahir Khan, Muhammad
Sah, Ranjit
Waheed, Yasir
Tracing down the Updates on Dengue Virus—Molecular Biology, Antivirals, and Vaccine Strategies
title Tracing down the Updates on Dengue Virus—Molecular Biology, Antivirals, and Vaccine Strategies
title_full Tracing down the Updates on Dengue Virus—Molecular Biology, Antivirals, and Vaccine Strategies
title_fullStr Tracing down the Updates on Dengue Virus—Molecular Biology, Antivirals, and Vaccine Strategies
title_full_unstemmed Tracing down the Updates on Dengue Virus—Molecular Biology, Antivirals, and Vaccine Strategies
title_short Tracing down the Updates on Dengue Virus—Molecular Biology, Antivirals, and Vaccine Strategies
title_sort tracing down the updates on dengue virus—molecular biology, antivirals, and vaccine strategies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10458802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631896
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081328
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