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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology

The different anatomical compartments of the eye are highly subjected to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation due to internal factors, such as metabolic high oxygen consumption, as well as environmental factors, including UV light. An antioxidant defense system is endowed in the eye tissues to r...

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Autores principales: Honisch, Claudia, Rodella, Umberto, Gatto, Claudio, Ruzza, Paolo, Tóthová, Jana D’Amato
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10458870/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631061
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16081146
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author Honisch, Claudia
Rodella, Umberto
Gatto, Claudio
Ruzza, Paolo
Tóthová, Jana D’Amato
author_facet Honisch, Claudia
Rodella, Umberto
Gatto, Claudio
Ruzza, Paolo
Tóthová, Jana D’Amato
author_sort Honisch, Claudia
collection PubMed
description The different anatomical compartments of the eye are highly subjected to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation due to internal factors, such as metabolic high oxygen consumption, as well as environmental factors, including UV light. An antioxidant defense system is endowed in the eye tissues to regulate ROS quantity and activity. When this homeostatic system is overwhelmed, oxidative stress occurs, causing cellular damage, chronic inflammation, and tissue degeneration. It also plays a significant role in the development and progression of various ocular diseases. Understanding the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress in ocular conditions is thus crucial for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. To track marketed products based on antioxidant substances as active ingredients, the databases of the European Medicines Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were consulted. Only a limited number of items were identified, which were either used as therapeutic treatment or during ocular surgery, including antioxidants, synthetical derivatives, or pro-drugs designed to enhance tissue permeation and activity. This review aims to provide an overview of the primary ocular pathologies associated with oxidative stress and of the available pharmacological interventions centered around antioxidant molecules. Such insights are essential for advancing the development of effective prevention and novel treatment approaches.
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spelling pubmed-104588702023-08-27 Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology Honisch, Claudia Rodella, Umberto Gatto, Claudio Ruzza, Paolo Tóthová, Jana D’Amato Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Review The different anatomical compartments of the eye are highly subjected to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation due to internal factors, such as metabolic high oxygen consumption, as well as environmental factors, including UV light. An antioxidant defense system is endowed in the eye tissues to regulate ROS quantity and activity. When this homeostatic system is overwhelmed, oxidative stress occurs, causing cellular damage, chronic inflammation, and tissue degeneration. It also plays a significant role in the development and progression of various ocular diseases. Understanding the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress in ocular conditions is thus crucial for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. To track marketed products based on antioxidant substances as active ingredients, the databases of the European Medicines Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were consulted. Only a limited number of items were identified, which were either used as therapeutic treatment or during ocular surgery, including antioxidants, synthetical derivatives, or pro-drugs designed to enhance tissue permeation and activity. This review aims to provide an overview of the primary ocular pathologies associated with oxidative stress and of the available pharmacological interventions centered around antioxidant molecules. Such insights are essential for advancing the development of effective prevention and novel treatment approaches. MDPI 2023-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10458870/ /pubmed/37631061 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16081146 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Honisch, Claudia
Rodella, Umberto
Gatto, Claudio
Ruzza, Paolo
Tóthová, Jana D’Amato
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology
title Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology
title_full Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology
title_fullStr Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology
title_full_unstemmed Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology
title_short Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology
title_sort oxidative stress and antioxidant-based interventional medicine in ophthalmology
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10458870/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631061
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16081146
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