Cargando…

A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population

Data on immunogenicity, immune response persistency, and safety of COVID-19 boosters in patients with comorbidities are limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate three different boosters’ immunogenicity and safety in individuals with at least one underlying disease (UD) (obesity, hypertension, and di...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ashrafian, Fatemeh, Bagheri Amiri, Fahimeh, Bavand, Anahita, Zali, Mahsan, Sadat Larijani, Mona, Ramezani, Amitis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10459403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631944
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081376
_version_ 1785097403039219712
author Ashrafian, Fatemeh
Bagheri Amiri, Fahimeh
Bavand, Anahita
Zali, Mahsan
Sadat Larijani, Mona
Ramezani, Amitis
author_facet Ashrafian, Fatemeh
Bagheri Amiri, Fahimeh
Bavand, Anahita
Zali, Mahsan
Sadat Larijani, Mona
Ramezani, Amitis
author_sort Ashrafian, Fatemeh
collection PubMed
description Data on immunogenicity, immune response persistency, and safety of COVID-19 boosters in patients with comorbidities are limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate three different boosters’ immunogenicity and safety in individuals with at least one underlying disease (UD) (obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus) with healthy ones (HC) who were primed with two doses of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine and received a booster shot of the same priming vaccine or protein subunit vaccines, PastoCovac Plus or PastoCovac. One hundred and forty subjects including sixty-three ones with a comorbidity and seventy-seven healthy ones were enrolled. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed before the booster injection and 28, 60, 90, and 180 days after it. Moreover, the adverse events (AEs) were recorded on days 7 and 21 postbooster shot for evaluating safety outcomes. Significantly increased titers of antispike, antiRBD, and neutralizing antibodies were observed in both UD and HC groups 28 days after the booster dose. Nevertheless, the titer of antispike IgG and anti-RBD IgG was lower in the UD group compared to the HC group. The long-term assessment regarding persistence of humoral immune responses showed that the induced antibodies were detectable up to 180 days postbooster shots though with a declined titer in both groups with no significant differences (p > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference in antibody levels was observed between each UD subgroup and the HC group, except for neutralizing antibodies in the hypertension subgroup. PastoCovac Plus and PastoCovac boosters induced a higher fold rise in antibodies in UD individuals than BBIBP-CorV booster recipients. No serious AEs after the booster injection were recorded. The overall incidence of AEs after the booster injection was higher in the UD group than the HC group among whom the highest systemic rate of AEs was seen in the BBIBP-CorV booster recipients. In conclusion, administration of COVID-19 boosters could similarly induce robust and persistent humoral immune responses in individuals with or without UD primarily vaccinated with two doses of the BBIBP-CorV. Protein-based boosters with higher a higher fold rise in antibodies and lower AEs in individuals with comorbidities might be considered a better choice for these individuals.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10459403
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-104594032023-08-27 A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population Ashrafian, Fatemeh Bagheri Amiri, Fahimeh Bavand, Anahita Zali, Mahsan Sadat Larijani, Mona Ramezani, Amitis Vaccines (Basel) Article Data on immunogenicity, immune response persistency, and safety of COVID-19 boosters in patients with comorbidities are limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate three different boosters’ immunogenicity and safety in individuals with at least one underlying disease (UD) (obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus) with healthy ones (HC) who were primed with two doses of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine and received a booster shot of the same priming vaccine or protein subunit vaccines, PastoCovac Plus or PastoCovac. One hundred and forty subjects including sixty-three ones with a comorbidity and seventy-seven healthy ones were enrolled. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed before the booster injection and 28, 60, 90, and 180 days after it. Moreover, the adverse events (AEs) were recorded on days 7 and 21 postbooster shot for evaluating safety outcomes. Significantly increased titers of antispike, antiRBD, and neutralizing antibodies were observed in both UD and HC groups 28 days after the booster dose. Nevertheless, the titer of antispike IgG and anti-RBD IgG was lower in the UD group compared to the HC group. The long-term assessment regarding persistence of humoral immune responses showed that the induced antibodies were detectable up to 180 days postbooster shots though with a declined titer in both groups with no significant differences (p > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference in antibody levels was observed between each UD subgroup and the HC group, except for neutralizing antibodies in the hypertension subgroup. PastoCovac Plus and PastoCovac boosters induced a higher fold rise in antibodies in UD individuals than BBIBP-CorV booster recipients. No serious AEs after the booster injection were recorded. The overall incidence of AEs after the booster injection was higher in the UD group than the HC group among whom the highest systemic rate of AEs was seen in the BBIBP-CorV booster recipients. In conclusion, administration of COVID-19 boosters could similarly induce robust and persistent humoral immune responses in individuals with or without UD primarily vaccinated with two doses of the BBIBP-CorV. Protein-based boosters with higher a higher fold rise in antibodies and lower AEs in individuals with comorbidities might be considered a better choice for these individuals. MDPI 2023-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10459403/ /pubmed/37631944 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081376 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ashrafian, Fatemeh
Bagheri Amiri, Fahimeh
Bavand, Anahita
Zali, Mahsan
Sadat Larijani, Mona
Ramezani, Amitis
A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population
title A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population
title_full A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population
title_fullStr A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population
title_full_unstemmed A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population
title_short A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population
title_sort comparative study of immunogenicity, antibody persistence, and safety of three different covid-19 boosters between individuals with comorbidities and the normal population
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10459403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631944
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081376
work_keys_str_mv AT ashrafianfatemeh acomparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT bagheriamirifahimeh acomparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT bavandanahita acomparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT zalimahsan acomparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT sadatlarijanimona acomparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT ramezaniamitis acomparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT ashrafianfatemeh comparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT bagheriamirifahimeh comparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT bavandanahita comparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT zalimahsan comparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT sadatlarijanimona comparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation
AT ramezaniamitis comparativestudyofimmunogenicityantibodypersistenceandsafetyofthreedifferentcovid19boostersbetweenindividualswithcomorbiditiesandthenormalpopulation