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Mass Spectral Imaging to Map Plant–Microbe Interactions

Plant–microbe interactions are of rising interest in plant sustainability, biomass production, plant biology, and systems biology. These interactions have been a challenge to detect until recent advancements in mass spectrometry imaging. Plants and microbes interact in four main regions within the p...

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Autores principales: Parker, Gabriel D., Hanley, Luke, Yu, Xiao-Ying
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10459445/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37630605
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082045
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author Parker, Gabriel D.
Hanley, Luke
Yu, Xiao-Ying
author_facet Parker, Gabriel D.
Hanley, Luke
Yu, Xiao-Ying
author_sort Parker, Gabriel D.
collection PubMed
description Plant–microbe interactions are of rising interest in plant sustainability, biomass production, plant biology, and systems biology. These interactions have been a challenge to detect until recent advancements in mass spectrometry imaging. Plants and microbes interact in four main regions within the plant, the rhizosphere, endosphere, phyllosphere, and spermosphere. This mini review covers the challenges within investigations of plant and microbe interactions. We highlight the importance of sample preparation and comparisons among time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), laser desorption ionization (LDI/LDPI), and desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) techniques used for the analysis of these interactions. Using mass spectral imaging (MSI) to study plants and microbes offers advantages in understanding microbe and host interactions at the molecular level with single-cell and community communication information. More research utilizing MSI has emerged in the past several years. We first introduce the principles of major MSI techniques that have been employed in the research of microorganisms. An overview of proper sample preparation methods is offered as a prerequisite for successful MSI analysis. Traditionally, dried or cryogenically prepared, frozen samples have been used; however, they do not provide a true representation of the bacterial biofilms compared to living cell analysis and chemical imaging. New developments such as microfluidic devices that can be used under a vacuum are highly desirable for the application of MSI techniques, such as ToF-SIMS, because they have a subcellular spatial resolution to map and image plant and microbe interactions, including the potential to elucidate metabolic pathways and cell-to-cell interactions. Promising results due to recent MSI advancements in the past five years are selected and highlighted. The latest developments utilizing machine learning are captured as an important outlook for maximal output using MSI to study microorganisms.
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spelling pubmed-104594452023-08-27 Mass Spectral Imaging to Map Plant–Microbe Interactions Parker, Gabriel D. Hanley, Luke Yu, Xiao-Ying Microorganisms Review Plant–microbe interactions are of rising interest in plant sustainability, biomass production, plant biology, and systems biology. These interactions have been a challenge to detect until recent advancements in mass spectrometry imaging. Plants and microbes interact in four main regions within the plant, the rhizosphere, endosphere, phyllosphere, and spermosphere. This mini review covers the challenges within investigations of plant and microbe interactions. We highlight the importance of sample preparation and comparisons among time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), laser desorption ionization (LDI/LDPI), and desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) techniques used for the analysis of these interactions. Using mass spectral imaging (MSI) to study plants and microbes offers advantages in understanding microbe and host interactions at the molecular level with single-cell and community communication information. More research utilizing MSI has emerged in the past several years. We first introduce the principles of major MSI techniques that have been employed in the research of microorganisms. An overview of proper sample preparation methods is offered as a prerequisite for successful MSI analysis. Traditionally, dried or cryogenically prepared, frozen samples have been used; however, they do not provide a true representation of the bacterial biofilms compared to living cell analysis and chemical imaging. New developments such as microfluidic devices that can be used under a vacuum are highly desirable for the application of MSI techniques, such as ToF-SIMS, because they have a subcellular spatial resolution to map and image plant and microbe interactions, including the potential to elucidate metabolic pathways and cell-to-cell interactions. Promising results due to recent MSI advancements in the past five years are selected and highlighted. The latest developments utilizing machine learning are captured as an important outlook for maximal output using MSI to study microorganisms. MDPI 2023-08-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10459445/ /pubmed/37630605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082045 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Parker, Gabriel D.
Hanley, Luke
Yu, Xiao-Ying
Mass Spectral Imaging to Map Plant–Microbe Interactions
title Mass Spectral Imaging to Map Plant–Microbe Interactions
title_full Mass Spectral Imaging to Map Plant–Microbe Interactions
title_fullStr Mass Spectral Imaging to Map Plant–Microbe Interactions
title_full_unstemmed Mass Spectral Imaging to Map Plant–Microbe Interactions
title_short Mass Spectral Imaging to Map Plant–Microbe Interactions
title_sort mass spectral imaging to map plant–microbe interactions
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10459445/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37630605
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082045
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