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Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus)

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is a soilborne disease of crucifers associated with the formation of large root galls. This root enlargement suggests modulation of plant hormonal networks by the pathogen, stimulating cell division and elongation and influencing host defense. We studied...

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Autores principales: Jayasinghege, Charitha P. A., Ozga, Jocelyn A., Manolii, Victor P., Hwang, Sheau-Fang, Strelkov, Stephen E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10459861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631111
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12162899
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author Jayasinghege, Charitha P. A.
Ozga, Jocelyn A.
Manolii, Victor P.
Hwang, Sheau-Fang
Strelkov, Stephen E.
author_facet Jayasinghege, Charitha P. A.
Ozga, Jocelyn A.
Manolii, Victor P.
Hwang, Sheau-Fang
Strelkov, Stephen E.
author_sort Jayasinghege, Charitha P. A.
collection PubMed
description Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is a soilborne disease of crucifers associated with the formation of large root galls. This root enlargement suggests modulation of plant hormonal networks by the pathogen, stimulating cell division and elongation and influencing host defense. We studied physiological changes in two Brassica napus cultivars, including plant hormone profiles—salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)—along with their selected derivatives following inoculation with virulent and avirulent P. brassicae pathotypes. In susceptible plants, water uptake declined from the initial appearance of root galls by 21 days after inoculation, but did not have a significant effect on photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, or leaf chlorophyll levels. Nonetheless, a strong increase in ABA levels indicated that hormonal mechanisms were triggered to cope with water stress due to the declining water uptake. The free SA level in the roots increased strongly in resistant interactions, compared with a relatively minor increase during susceptible interactions. The ratio of conjugated SA to free SA was higher in susceptible interactions, indicating that resistant interactions are linked to the plant’s ability to maintain higher levels of bioactive free SA. In contrast, JA and its biologically active form JA-Ile declined up to 7-fold in susceptible interactions, while they were maintained during resistant interactions. The ACC level increased in the roots of inoculated plants by 21 days, irrespective of clubroot susceptibility, indicating a role of ethylene in response to pathogen interactions that is independent of disease severity. IAA levels at early and later infection stages were lower only in susceptible plants, suggesting a modulation of auxin homeostasis by the pathogen relative to the host defense system.
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spelling pubmed-104598612023-08-27 Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus) Jayasinghege, Charitha P. A. Ozga, Jocelyn A. Manolii, Victor P. Hwang, Sheau-Fang Strelkov, Stephen E. Plants (Basel) Article Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is a soilborne disease of crucifers associated with the formation of large root galls. This root enlargement suggests modulation of plant hormonal networks by the pathogen, stimulating cell division and elongation and influencing host defense. We studied physiological changes in two Brassica napus cultivars, including plant hormone profiles—salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)—along with their selected derivatives following inoculation with virulent and avirulent P. brassicae pathotypes. In susceptible plants, water uptake declined from the initial appearance of root galls by 21 days after inoculation, but did not have a significant effect on photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, or leaf chlorophyll levels. Nonetheless, a strong increase in ABA levels indicated that hormonal mechanisms were triggered to cope with water stress due to the declining water uptake. The free SA level in the roots increased strongly in resistant interactions, compared with a relatively minor increase during susceptible interactions. The ratio of conjugated SA to free SA was higher in susceptible interactions, indicating that resistant interactions are linked to the plant’s ability to maintain higher levels of bioactive free SA. In contrast, JA and its biologically active form JA-Ile declined up to 7-fold in susceptible interactions, while they were maintained during resistant interactions. The ACC level increased in the roots of inoculated plants by 21 days, irrespective of clubroot susceptibility, indicating a role of ethylene in response to pathogen interactions that is independent of disease severity. IAA levels at early and later infection stages were lower only in susceptible plants, suggesting a modulation of auxin homeostasis by the pathogen relative to the host defense system. MDPI 2023-08-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10459861/ /pubmed/37631111 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12162899 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jayasinghege, Charitha P. A.
Ozga, Jocelyn A.
Manolii, Victor P.
Hwang, Sheau-Fang
Strelkov, Stephen E.
Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus)
title Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus)
title_full Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus)
title_fullStr Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus)
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus)
title_short Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus)
title_sort impact of susceptibility on plant hormonal composition during clubroot disease development in canola (brassica napus)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10459861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37631111
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12162899
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