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Case report: Canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)

The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) represents an endangered species with only small populations remaining in Central Europe. Knowledge about the threat posed by potential infectious agents to these animals is crucial for informing ongoing protection measures. Canine distemper virus (CDV) is known to have...

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Autores principales: Lombardo, Mara Sophie, Mirolo, Monica, Brandes, Florian, Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E., Schütte, Karolin, Ludlow, Martin, Barkhoff, Michael, Baumgärtner, Wolfgang, Puff, Christina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10461803/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37645675
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1251018
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author Lombardo, Mara Sophie
Mirolo, Monica
Brandes, Florian
Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
Schütte, Karolin
Ludlow, Martin
Barkhoff, Michael
Baumgärtner, Wolfgang
Puff, Christina
author_facet Lombardo, Mara Sophie
Mirolo, Monica
Brandes, Florian
Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
Schütte, Karolin
Ludlow, Martin
Barkhoff, Michael
Baumgärtner, Wolfgang
Puff, Christina
author_sort Lombardo, Mara Sophie
collection PubMed
description The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) represents an endangered species with only small populations remaining in Central Europe. Knowledge about the threat posed by potential infectious agents to these animals is crucial for informing ongoing protection measures. Canine distemper virus (CDV) is known to have a wide host range with infection reported in many mammalian species including several lynx species (Lynx pardinus, Lynx canadensis, Lynx rufus), but is an extremely rare finding in the Eurasian lynx. The present report describes a case of a Eurasian lynx showing central nervous signs, including apathy and ataxia. A CT scan revealed multiple hypodense areas in different localizations within the brain as well as enlarged liquid filled areas, leading to the suspicion of a degenerative process. Due to clinical deterioration, the animal was euthanized and submitted for macroscopical and histological investigations. Histological investigations revealed multifocal demyelinations in the cerebellum, brain stem and cervical spinal cord as well as a multifocal, perivascular, lymphohistiocytic meningoencephalitis. A CDV infection was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR analyses. This CDV infection of a Eurasian lynx resembles a classical chronic manifestation of distemper in dogs and highlights the threat posed by canine distemper to this species.
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spelling pubmed-104618032023-08-29 Case report: Canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) Lombardo, Mara Sophie Mirolo, Monica Brandes, Florian Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E. Schütte, Karolin Ludlow, Martin Barkhoff, Michael Baumgärtner, Wolfgang Puff, Christina Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) represents an endangered species with only small populations remaining in Central Europe. Knowledge about the threat posed by potential infectious agents to these animals is crucial for informing ongoing protection measures. Canine distemper virus (CDV) is known to have a wide host range with infection reported in many mammalian species including several lynx species (Lynx pardinus, Lynx canadensis, Lynx rufus), but is an extremely rare finding in the Eurasian lynx. The present report describes a case of a Eurasian lynx showing central nervous signs, including apathy and ataxia. A CT scan revealed multiple hypodense areas in different localizations within the brain as well as enlarged liquid filled areas, leading to the suspicion of a degenerative process. Due to clinical deterioration, the animal was euthanized and submitted for macroscopical and histological investigations. Histological investigations revealed multifocal demyelinations in the cerebellum, brain stem and cervical spinal cord as well as a multifocal, perivascular, lymphohistiocytic meningoencephalitis. A CDV infection was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR analyses. This CDV infection of a Eurasian lynx resembles a classical chronic manifestation of distemper in dogs and highlights the threat posed by canine distemper to this species. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10461803/ /pubmed/37645675 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1251018 Text en Copyright © 2023 Lombardo, Mirolo, Brandes, Osterhaus, Schütte, Ludlow, Barkhoff, Baumgärtner and Puff. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Lombardo, Mara Sophie
Mirolo, Monica
Brandes, Florian
Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
Schütte, Karolin
Ludlow, Martin
Barkhoff, Michael
Baumgärtner, Wolfgang
Puff, Christina
Case report: Canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
title Case report: Canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
title_full Case report: Canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
title_fullStr Case report: Canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
title_full_unstemmed Case report: Canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
title_short Case report: Canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
title_sort case report: canine distemper virus infection as a cause of central nervous system disease in a eurasian lynx (lynx lynx)
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10461803/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37645675
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1251018
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