Rapid and accurate genotyping of human SNP rs671 in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene using one-step CRISPR/Cas12b assay without DNA amplification

BACKGROUND: The SNP rs671 of Human aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is G-A transition at 1510th nucleotides, which is an important clinical indicator of alcoholic liver disease, digestive tract cancer and some drug efficiency. The commonly used genotyping assay of this polymorphism is relatively time-consuming and costly. FINDING: This study develops a rapid and accurate one-step CRISPR/Cas12b assay to distinguish the G1510A polymorphism of human ALDH2 free of DNA amplification. The method we established requires only one step of adding 1 μl genomic DNA sample to premixed system, and waiting for the acquisition of fluorescent signal, taking approximate 30 min. CONCLUSIONS: This method provides a potential tool for more accurate and reliable nucleic acid detection with a single base difference and supports the relevant disease diagnosis and personalized medicine. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13008-023-00095-6.