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Ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures

Designing a low-cost, compact, yet sensitive planar microwave sensor for complex permittivity measurement is highly desired for numerous applications though quite challenging. Here, in this research, an ultrasensitive planar microwave sensor is proposed which is based on an electric LC structure. Th...

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Autores principales: Javadizadeh, Saeed, Badieirostami, Majid, Shahabadi, Mahmoud
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10465586/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37644197
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41035-2
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author Javadizadeh, Saeed
Badieirostami, Majid
Shahabadi, Mahmoud
author_facet Javadizadeh, Saeed
Badieirostami, Majid
Shahabadi, Mahmoud
author_sort Javadizadeh, Saeed
collection PubMed
description Designing a low-cost, compact, yet sensitive planar microwave sensor for complex permittivity measurement is highly desired for numerous applications though quite challenging. Here, in this research, an ultrasensitive planar microwave sensor is proposed which is based on an electric LC structure. The core sensor was fabricated on an FR-4 substrate using a simple fabrication process, then integrated within a polymethylmethacrylate microfluidic channel for straightforward liquid delivery to the sensing region. The resonance frequency of the bare sensor was designed to occur at 4.14 GHz while empty and shifted to 0.88 GHz when deionized water flows into the channel. The sensor response has been characterized for different mixture ratios of methanol and ethanol with deionized water. Next, the complex permittivity of the resulted binary mixtures has been extracted by the Debye model through a least square fitting method. The calculated average sensitivity is 1.45% which stands above most of sensors reported in the literature. Besides, the sensor has a small footprint with dimensions of 3.6 × 3.8 mm[Formula: see text] making it a suitable candidate for integration with point-of-care testing devices.
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spelling pubmed-104655862023-08-31 Ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures Javadizadeh, Saeed Badieirostami, Majid Shahabadi, Mahmoud Sci Rep Article Designing a low-cost, compact, yet sensitive planar microwave sensor for complex permittivity measurement is highly desired for numerous applications though quite challenging. Here, in this research, an ultrasensitive planar microwave sensor is proposed which is based on an electric LC structure. The core sensor was fabricated on an FR-4 substrate using a simple fabrication process, then integrated within a polymethylmethacrylate microfluidic channel for straightforward liquid delivery to the sensing region. The resonance frequency of the bare sensor was designed to occur at 4.14 GHz while empty and shifted to 0.88 GHz when deionized water flows into the channel. The sensor response has been characterized for different mixture ratios of methanol and ethanol with deionized water. Next, the complex permittivity of the resulted binary mixtures has been extracted by the Debye model through a least square fitting method. The calculated average sensitivity is 1.45% which stands above most of sensors reported in the literature. Besides, the sensor has a small footprint with dimensions of 3.6 × 3.8 mm[Formula: see text] making it a suitable candidate for integration with point-of-care testing devices. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10465586/ /pubmed/37644197 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41035-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Javadizadeh, Saeed
Badieirostami, Majid
Shahabadi, Mahmoud
Ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures
title Ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures
title_full Ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures
title_fullStr Ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures
title_full_unstemmed Ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures
title_short Ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures
title_sort ultrasensitive miniaturized planar microwave sensor for characterization of water–alcohol mixtures
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10465586/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37644197
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41035-2
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