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Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer
CD4 T cells were initially described as helper cells that promote either the cellular immune response (Th1 cells) or the humoral immune response (Th2 cells). Since then, a plethora of functionally distinct helper and regulatory CD4 T cell subsets have been described. CD4 T cells with cytotoxic funct...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10466411/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37654482 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233261 |
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author | Venkatesh, Hrishi Tracy, Sean I. Farrar, Michael A. |
author_facet | Venkatesh, Hrishi Tracy, Sean I. Farrar, Michael A. |
author_sort | Venkatesh, Hrishi |
collection | PubMed |
description | CD4 T cells were initially described as helper cells that promote either the cellular immune response (Th1 cells) or the humoral immune response (Th2 cells). Since then, a plethora of functionally distinct helper and regulatory CD4 T cell subsets have been described. CD4 T cells with cytotoxic function were first described in the setting of viral infections and autoimmunity, and more recently in cancer and gut dysbiosis. Regulatory CD4 T cell subsets such as Tregs and T-regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells have also been shown to have cytotoxic potential. Indeed, Tr1 cells have been shown to be important for maintenance of stem cell niches in the bone marrow and the gut. This review will provide an overview of cytotoxic CD4 T cell development, and discuss the role of inflammatory and Tr1-like cytotoxic CD4 T cells in maintenance of intestinal stem cells and in anti-cancer immune responses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10466411 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104664112023-08-31 Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer Venkatesh, Hrishi Tracy, Sean I. Farrar, Michael A. Front Immunol Immunology CD4 T cells were initially described as helper cells that promote either the cellular immune response (Th1 cells) or the humoral immune response (Th2 cells). Since then, a plethora of functionally distinct helper and regulatory CD4 T cell subsets have been described. CD4 T cells with cytotoxic function were first described in the setting of viral infections and autoimmunity, and more recently in cancer and gut dysbiosis. Regulatory CD4 T cell subsets such as Tregs and T-regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells have also been shown to have cytotoxic potential. Indeed, Tr1 cells have been shown to be important for maintenance of stem cell niches in the bone marrow and the gut. This review will provide an overview of cytotoxic CD4 T cell development, and discuss the role of inflammatory and Tr1-like cytotoxic CD4 T cells in maintenance of intestinal stem cells and in anti-cancer immune responses. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10466411/ /pubmed/37654482 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233261 Text en Copyright © 2023 Venkatesh, Tracy and Farrar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Venkatesh, Hrishi Tracy, Sean I. Farrar, Michael A. Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer |
title | Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer |
title_full | Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer |
title_fullStr | Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer |
title_short | Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer |
title_sort | cytotoxic cd4 t cells in the mucosa and in cancer |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10466411/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37654482 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233261 |
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