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Botulinum Toxin—A High-Dosage Effect on Functional Outcome and Spasticity-Related Pain in Subjects with Stroke
Stroke patients can develop spasticity and spasticity-related pain (SRP). These disorders are frequent and can contribute to functional limitations and disabling conditions. Many reports have suggested that higher doses than initially recommended of BTX-A can be used effectively and safely, especial...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10467116/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37624266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15080509 |
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author | Intiso, Domenico Centra, Antonello Marco Gravina, Michele Chiaramonte, Angelo Bartolo, Michelangelo Di Rienzo, Filomena |
author_facet | Intiso, Domenico Centra, Antonello Marco Gravina, Michele Chiaramonte, Angelo Bartolo, Michelangelo Di Rienzo, Filomena |
author_sort | Intiso, Domenico |
collection | PubMed |
description | Stroke patients can develop spasticity and spasticity-related pain (SRP). These disorders are frequent and can contribute to functional limitations and disabling conditions. Many reports have suggested that higher doses than initially recommended of BTX-A can be used effectively and safely, especially in the case of severe spasticity; however, whether the treatment produces any benefit on the functional outcome and SRP is unclear. Studies published between January 1989 and December 2022 were retrieved from MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register. Only obabotulinumtoxinA (obaBTX-A), onabotulinumtoxinA, (onaBTX-A), and incobotulinumtoxinA (incoBTX-A) were considered. The term “high dosage” indicates ≥600 U. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Globally, 460 subjects were treated with BTX-A high dose, and 301 suffered from stroke. Studies had variable method designs, sample sizes, and aims. Only five (55.5%) reported data about the functional outcome after BTX-A injection. Functional measures were also variable, and the improvement was observed predominantly in the disability assessment scale (DAS). SRP pain was quantified by visual analog scale (VAS) and only three studies reported the BTX-A effect. There is no scientific evidence that this therapeutic strategy unequivocally improves the functionality of the limbs. Although no clear-cut evidence emerges, certain patients with spasticity might obtain goal-oriented improvement from high-dose BTX-A. Likewise, data are insufficient to recommend high BTX dosage in SRP. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10467116 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104671162023-08-31 Botulinum Toxin—A High-Dosage Effect on Functional Outcome and Spasticity-Related Pain in Subjects with Stroke Intiso, Domenico Centra, Antonello Marco Gravina, Michele Chiaramonte, Angelo Bartolo, Michelangelo Di Rienzo, Filomena Toxins (Basel) Review Stroke patients can develop spasticity and spasticity-related pain (SRP). These disorders are frequent and can contribute to functional limitations and disabling conditions. Many reports have suggested that higher doses than initially recommended of BTX-A can be used effectively and safely, especially in the case of severe spasticity; however, whether the treatment produces any benefit on the functional outcome and SRP is unclear. Studies published between January 1989 and December 2022 were retrieved from MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register. Only obabotulinumtoxinA (obaBTX-A), onabotulinumtoxinA, (onaBTX-A), and incobotulinumtoxinA (incoBTX-A) were considered. The term “high dosage” indicates ≥600 U. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Globally, 460 subjects were treated with BTX-A high dose, and 301 suffered from stroke. Studies had variable method designs, sample sizes, and aims. Only five (55.5%) reported data about the functional outcome after BTX-A injection. Functional measures were also variable, and the improvement was observed predominantly in the disability assessment scale (DAS). SRP pain was quantified by visual analog scale (VAS) and only three studies reported the BTX-A effect. There is no scientific evidence that this therapeutic strategy unequivocally improves the functionality of the limbs. Although no clear-cut evidence emerges, certain patients with spasticity might obtain goal-oriented improvement from high-dose BTX-A. Likewise, data are insufficient to recommend high BTX dosage in SRP. MDPI 2023-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10467116/ /pubmed/37624266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15080509 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Intiso, Domenico Centra, Antonello Marco Gravina, Michele Chiaramonte, Angelo Bartolo, Michelangelo Di Rienzo, Filomena Botulinum Toxin—A High-Dosage Effect on Functional Outcome and Spasticity-Related Pain in Subjects with Stroke |
title | Botulinum Toxin—A High-Dosage Effect on Functional Outcome and Spasticity-Related Pain in Subjects with Stroke |
title_full | Botulinum Toxin—A High-Dosage Effect on Functional Outcome and Spasticity-Related Pain in Subjects with Stroke |
title_fullStr | Botulinum Toxin—A High-Dosage Effect on Functional Outcome and Spasticity-Related Pain in Subjects with Stroke |
title_full_unstemmed | Botulinum Toxin—A High-Dosage Effect on Functional Outcome and Spasticity-Related Pain in Subjects with Stroke |
title_short | Botulinum Toxin—A High-Dosage Effect on Functional Outcome and Spasticity-Related Pain in Subjects with Stroke |
title_sort | botulinum toxin—a high-dosage effect on functional outcome and spasticity-related pain in subjects with stroke |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10467116/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37624266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15080509 |
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