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Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens

A mixed Eimeria spp. challenge model was designed to assess the effects of challenge on broiler chicken performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome for future use to evaluate alternative strategies for controlling coccidiosis in broiler chickens. The experimental design involved broile...

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Autores principales: Graham, Danielle, Petrone-Garcia, Victor M., Hernandez-Velasco, Xochitl, Coles, Makenly E., Juarez-Estrada, Marco A., Latorre, Juan D., Chai, Jianmin, Shouse, Stephanie, Zhao, Jiangchao, Forga, Aaron J., Senas-Cuesta, Roberto, Laverty, Lauren, Martin, Kristen, Trujillo-Peralta, Carolina, Loeza, Ileana, Gray, Latasha S., Hargis, Billy M., Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10470081/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37662988
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1224647
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author Graham, Danielle
Petrone-Garcia, Victor M.
Hernandez-Velasco, Xochitl
Coles, Makenly E.
Juarez-Estrada, Marco A.
Latorre, Juan D.
Chai, Jianmin
Shouse, Stephanie
Zhao, Jiangchao
Forga, Aaron J.
Senas-Cuesta, Roberto
Laverty, Lauren
Martin, Kristen
Trujillo-Peralta, Carolina
Loeza, Ileana
Gray, Latasha S.
Hargis, Billy M.
Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo
author_facet Graham, Danielle
Petrone-Garcia, Victor M.
Hernandez-Velasco, Xochitl
Coles, Makenly E.
Juarez-Estrada, Marco A.
Latorre, Juan D.
Chai, Jianmin
Shouse, Stephanie
Zhao, Jiangchao
Forga, Aaron J.
Senas-Cuesta, Roberto
Laverty, Lauren
Martin, Kristen
Trujillo-Peralta, Carolina
Loeza, Ileana
Gray, Latasha S.
Hargis, Billy M.
Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo
author_sort Graham, Danielle
collection PubMed
description A mixed Eimeria spp. challenge model was designed to assess the effects of challenge on broiler chicken performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome for future use to evaluate alternative strategies for controlling coccidiosis in broiler chickens. The experimental design involved broiler chickens divided into two groups: a control group (uninfected) and a positive control group, infected with Eimeria acervulina (EA), Eimeria maxima (EM), and Eimeria tenella (ET). At day-of-hatch, 240 off-sex male broiler chicks were randomized and allocated to one of two treatment groups. The treatment groups included: (1) Non-challenged (NC, n = 5 replicate pens); and (2) challenged control (PC, n = 7 replicate pens) with 20 chickens/pen. Pen weights were recorded at d0, d16, d31, d42, and d52 to determine average body weight (BW) and (BWG). Feed intake was measured at d16, d31, d42, and d52 to calculate feed conversion ratio (FCR). Four diet phases included a starter d0–16, grower d16–31, finisher d31–42, and withdrawal d42–52 diet. At d18, chickens were orally challenged with 200 EA, 3,000 EM, and 500 ET sporulated oocysts/chicken. At d24 (6-day post-challenge) and d37 (19-day post-challenge), intestinal lesion scores were recorded. Additionally, at d24, FITC-d was used as a biomarker to evaluate intestinal permeability and ileal tissue sections were collected for histopathology and gene expression of tight junction proteins. Ileal and cecal contents were also collected to assess the impact of challenge on the microbiome. BWG and FCR from d16–31 was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in PC compared to NC. At d24, intestinal lesion scores were markedly higher in the PC compared to the NC. Intestinal permeability was significantly increased in the PC group based on serum FITC-d levels. Cadherin 1 (CDH1), calprotectin (CALPR), and connexin 45 (Cx45) expression was also upregulated in the ileum of the PC group at d24 (6-day post-challenge) while villin 1 (VIL1) was downregulated in the ileum of the PC group. Additionally, Clostridium perfringens (ASV1) was enriched in the cecal content of the PC group. This model could be used to assess the effect of alternative coccidiosis control methods during the post-challenge with EA, EM, and ET.
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spelling pubmed-104700812023-09-01 Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens Graham, Danielle Petrone-Garcia, Victor M. Hernandez-Velasco, Xochitl Coles, Makenly E. Juarez-Estrada, Marco A. Latorre, Juan D. Chai, Jianmin Shouse, Stephanie Zhao, Jiangchao Forga, Aaron J. Senas-Cuesta, Roberto Laverty, Lauren Martin, Kristen Trujillo-Peralta, Carolina Loeza, Ileana Gray, Latasha S. Hargis, Billy M. Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science A mixed Eimeria spp. challenge model was designed to assess the effects of challenge on broiler chicken performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome for future use to evaluate alternative strategies for controlling coccidiosis in broiler chickens. The experimental design involved broiler chickens divided into two groups: a control group (uninfected) and a positive control group, infected with Eimeria acervulina (EA), Eimeria maxima (EM), and Eimeria tenella (ET). At day-of-hatch, 240 off-sex male broiler chicks were randomized and allocated to one of two treatment groups. The treatment groups included: (1) Non-challenged (NC, n = 5 replicate pens); and (2) challenged control (PC, n = 7 replicate pens) with 20 chickens/pen. Pen weights were recorded at d0, d16, d31, d42, and d52 to determine average body weight (BW) and (BWG). Feed intake was measured at d16, d31, d42, and d52 to calculate feed conversion ratio (FCR). Four diet phases included a starter d0–16, grower d16–31, finisher d31–42, and withdrawal d42–52 diet. At d18, chickens were orally challenged with 200 EA, 3,000 EM, and 500 ET sporulated oocysts/chicken. At d24 (6-day post-challenge) and d37 (19-day post-challenge), intestinal lesion scores were recorded. Additionally, at d24, FITC-d was used as a biomarker to evaluate intestinal permeability and ileal tissue sections were collected for histopathology and gene expression of tight junction proteins. Ileal and cecal contents were also collected to assess the impact of challenge on the microbiome. BWG and FCR from d16–31 was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in PC compared to NC. At d24, intestinal lesion scores were markedly higher in the PC compared to the NC. Intestinal permeability was significantly increased in the PC group based on serum FITC-d levels. Cadherin 1 (CDH1), calprotectin (CALPR), and connexin 45 (Cx45) expression was also upregulated in the ileum of the PC group at d24 (6-day post-challenge) while villin 1 (VIL1) was downregulated in the ileum of the PC group. Additionally, Clostridium perfringens (ASV1) was enriched in the cecal content of the PC group. This model could be used to assess the effect of alternative coccidiosis control methods during the post-challenge with EA, EM, and ET. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10470081/ /pubmed/37662988 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1224647 Text en Copyright © 2023 Graham, Petrone-Garcia, Hernandez-Velasco, Coles, Juarez-Estrada, Latorre, Chai, Shouse, Zhao, Forga, Senas-Cuesta, Laverty, Martin, Trujillo-Peralta, Loeza, Gray, Hargis and Tellez-Isaias. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Graham, Danielle
Petrone-Garcia, Victor M.
Hernandez-Velasco, Xochitl
Coles, Makenly E.
Juarez-Estrada, Marco A.
Latorre, Juan D.
Chai, Jianmin
Shouse, Stephanie
Zhao, Jiangchao
Forga, Aaron J.
Senas-Cuesta, Roberto
Laverty, Lauren
Martin, Kristen
Trujillo-Peralta, Carolina
Loeza, Ileana
Gray, Latasha S.
Hargis, Billy M.
Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo
Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens
title Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens
title_full Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens
title_fullStr Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens
title_full_unstemmed Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens
title_short Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens
title_sort assessing the effects of a mixed eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10470081/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37662988
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1224647
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