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Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil
BACKGROUND: Eliminating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis is a challenge in Brazil. Many policies have been implemented since 1986, but important gaps remain. This study aimed to describe the trends of MTCT in Brazil and evaluate the gaps and perspectives in this...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10470844/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37663837 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182386 |
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author | Miranda, Angelica E. Santos, Patricia C. Coelho, Ronaldo A. Pascom, Ana Roberta P. de Lannoy, Leonor Henriette Ferreira, Ana Cristina Garcia Gaspar, Pamela Cristina Maciel, Ethel Leonor Barreira, Draurio Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes |
author_facet | Miranda, Angelica E. Santos, Patricia C. Coelho, Ronaldo A. Pascom, Ana Roberta P. de Lannoy, Leonor Henriette Ferreira, Ana Cristina Garcia Gaspar, Pamela Cristina Maciel, Ethel Leonor Barreira, Draurio Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes |
author_sort | Miranda, Angelica E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Eliminating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis is a challenge in Brazil. Many policies have been implemented since 1986, but important gaps remain. This study aimed to describe the trends of MTCT in Brazil and evaluate the gaps and perspectives in this scenario. METHODS: This is a descriptive study conducted with secondary data publicly available in the information systems of the Brazilian Ministry of Health regarding data on HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B in pregnant women and children from 2011 to 2021. RESULTS: HIV and hepatitis B have had constant rates over the years in pregnant women, with the detection rates around 2.5/1,000 live birth (LB) and 0.5/1.000LB, respectively. The same did not happen with syphilis, which has shown an increasing line in the last decade. In 2011, the detection rate of syphilis in pregnancy was 4.7/1,000LB, and in 2021 it reached 27.1/1,000LB. Regarding the trends in children, an important decrease was observed in HIV/AIDS (incidence rate from 0.18/1,000 in 2011 to 0.04/1,000 in 2021) and Hepatitis B (incidence rate from 0.9/1,000LB in 2011 to 0.5/1,000LB in 2021). For congenital syphilis, there is a continuous increase, being 3.3/1,000LB in 2011 and 9.9/1,000LB in 2021. Data from the HIV clinical monitoring showed that antiretroviral treatment coverage among pregnant women identified increased slightly between 2011 and 2021, in Brazil, from 92.3% to 94.3%. For syphilis, 82.5% of pregnant women were treated with benzathine penicillin, and 88.7% in 2011. The historical series of hepatitis B vaccination coverage in children has decreased over the years; it was 96% in 2013 and 76% in 2021. CONCLUSION: These data show many gaps and some perspectives in the MTCT program in Brazil. The country is close to reaching MTCT HIV elimination, but there are many challenges regarding HBV and syphilis. These data can be used to organize the strategies to improve the Brazilian response to MTCT elimination of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10470844 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104708442023-09-01 Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil Miranda, Angelica E. Santos, Patricia C. Coelho, Ronaldo A. Pascom, Ana Roberta P. de Lannoy, Leonor Henriette Ferreira, Ana Cristina Garcia Gaspar, Pamela Cristina Maciel, Ethel Leonor Barreira, Draurio Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes Front Public Health Public Health BACKGROUND: Eliminating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis is a challenge in Brazil. Many policies have been implemented since 1986, but important gaps remain. This study aimed to describe the trends of MTCT in Brazil and evaluate the gaps and perspectives in this scenario. METHODS: This is a descriptive study conducted with secondary data publicly available in the information systems of the Brazilian Ministry of Health regarding data on HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B in pregnant women and children from 2011 to 2021. RESULTS: HIV and hepatitis B have had constant rates over the years in pregnant women, with the detection rates around 2.5/1,000 live birth (LB) and 0.5/1.000LB, respectively. The same did not happen with syphilis, which has shown an increasing line in the last decade. In 2011, the detection rate of syphilis in pregnancy was 4.7/1,000LB, and in 2021 it reached 27.1/1,000LB. Regarding the trends in children, an important decrease was observed in HIV/AIDS (incidence rate from 0.18/1,000 in 2011 to 0.04/1,000 in 2021) and Hepatitis B (incidence rate from 0.9/1,000LB in 2011 to 0.5/1,000LB in 2021). For congenital syphilis, there is a continuous increase, being 3.3/1,000LB in 2011 and 9.9/1,000LB in 2021. Data from the HIV clinical monitoring showed that antiretroviral treatment coverage among pregnant women identified increased slightly between 2011 and 2021, in Brazil, from 92.3% to 94.3%. For syphilis, 82.5% of pregnant women were treated with benzathine penicillin, and 88.7% in 2011. The historical series of hepatitis B vaccination coverage in children has decreased over the years; it was 96% in 2013 and 76% in 2021. CONCLUSION: These data show many gaps and some perspectives in the MTCT program in Brazil. The country is close to reaching MTCT HIV elimination, but there are many challenges regarding HBV and syphilis. These data can be used to organize the strategies to improve the Brazilian response to MTCT elimination of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10470844/ /pubmed/37663837 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182386 Text en Copyright © 2023 Miranda, Santos, Coelho, Pascom, de Lannoy, Ferreira, Gaspar, Maciel, Barreira and Pereira. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Public Health Miranda, Angelica E. Santos, Patricia C. Coelho, Ronaldo A. Pascom, Ana Roberta P. de Lannoy, Leonor Henriette Ferreira, Ana Cristina Garcia Gaspar, Pamela Cristina Maciel, Ethel Leonor Barreira, Draurio Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil |
title | Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil |
title_full | Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil |
title_fullStr | Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed | Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil |
title_short | Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil |
title_sort | perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of hiv, hepatitis b, and syphilis in brazil |
topic | Public Health |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10470844/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37663837 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182386 |
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