Hypertension and Dyslipidemia: the Two Partners in Endothelium-Related Crime

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The goal of this article is to characterize the endothelium’s role in the development of hypertension and dyslipidemia and to point out promising therapeutic directions. RECENT FINDINGS: Dyslipidemia may facilitate the development of hypertension, whereas the collaboration of these two silent killers potentiates the risk of atherosclerosis. The common pathophysiological denominator for hypertension and dyslipidemia is endothelial cell dysfunction, which manifests as dysregulation of homeostasis, redox balance, vascular tone, inflammation, and thrombosis. Treatment focused on mediators acting in these processes might be groundbreaking. Metabolomic research on hypertension and dyslipidemia has revealed new therapeutic targets. State-of-the-art solutions integrating interview, clinical examination, innovative imaging, and omics profiles along with artificial intelligence have been already shown to improve patients’ risk stratification and treatment. SUMMARY: Pathomechanisms underlying hypertension and dyslipidemia take place in the endothelium. Novel approaches involving endothelial biomarkers and bioinformatics advances could open new perspectives in patient management.