The role of OIP5 in the carcinogenesis and progression of ovarian cancer

BACKGROUND: Opa interacting protein 5 (OIP5), which is a cancer/testis-specific gene, plays a cancer-promoting role in various types of human cancer. However, the role of OIP5 in the carcinogenesis and progression of ovarian cancer remains unknown. METHODS: We first analyzed the expression of OIP5 in ovarian cancer and various human tumors with the Sangerbox online analysis tool. GSE12470, GSE14407 and GSE54388 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and GEO2R was used to screen differentially expressed genes in ovarian cancer tissues. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was used to explore the related biological processes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to evaluate the predictive ability of OIP5 for ovarian cancer. Next, RT–PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were utilized to evaluate the expression of OIP5 in ovarian cancer. CCK8, EdU proliferation assays and colony formation assays were used to measure cell proliferation, cell cycle progression was examined by PI staining and flow cytometry, and cell apoptosis was examined by Caspase3/7 activity assays. The effect of OIP5 on the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells was analyzed with Transwell assays. RESULTS: We found that OIP5 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer through bioinformatics analysis, and importantly, OIP5 may be an important biomarker for the prognosis and diagnosis of ovarian cancer. RT–PCR assays, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were also used to confirm the high expression of OIP5 in ovarian cancer. Subsequently, we demonstrated that the proliferation and migration of the ovarian cancer cell line A2780 were significantly inhibited after OIP5 gene silencing, apoptosis was increased and cell cycle progression was arrested at the G1 phase. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that OIP5 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer and that downregulation of OIP5 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, induced cell cycle arrest and promoted cell apoptosis. Therefore, OIP5 may be an important biomarker for the early diagnosis and potential target for treatment of ovarian cancer. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-023-01265-4.