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The expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present
The current rapid extinction of species leads not only to their loss but also the disappearance of the unique features they harbour, which have evolved along the branches of the underlying evolutionary tree. One proxy for estimating the feature diversity (FD) of a set S of species at the tips of a t...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10475005/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37658909 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00285-023-01988-4 |
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author | Overwater, Marcus Pelletier, Daniel Steel, Mike |
author_facet | Overwater, Marcus Pelletier, Daniel Steel, Mike |
author_sort | Overwater, Marcus |
collection | PubMed |
description | The current rapid extinction of species leads not only to their loss but also the disappearance of the unique features they harbour, which have evolved along the branches of the underlying evolutionary tree. One proxy for estimating the feature diversity (FD) of a set S of species at the tips of a tree is ‘phylogenetic diversity’ (PD): the sum of the branch lengths of the subtree connecting the species in S. For a phylogenetic tree that evolves under a standard birth–death process, and which is then subject to a sudden extinction event at the present (the simple ‘field of bullets’ model with a survival probability of s per species) the proportion of the original PD that is retained after extinction at the present is known to converge quickly to a particular concave function [Formula: see text] as t grows. To investigate how the loss of FD mirrors the loss of PD for a birth–death tree, we model FD by assuming that distinct discrete features arise randomly and independently along the branches of the tree at rate r and are lost at a constant rate [Formula: see text] . We derive an exact mathematical expression for the ratio [Formula: see text] of the two expected feature diversities (prior to and following an extinction event at the present) as t becomes large. We find that although [Formula: see text] has a similar behaviour to [Formula: see text] (and coincides with it for [Formula: see text] ), when [Formula: see text] , [Formula: see text] is described by a function that is different from [Formula: see text] . We also derive an exact expression for the expected number of features that are present in precisely one extant species. Our paper begins by establishing some generic properties of FD in a more general (non-phylogenetic) setting and applies this to fixed trees, before considering the setting of random (birth–death) trees. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10475005 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104750052023-09-04 The expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present Overwater, Marcus Pelletier, Daniel Steel, Mike J Math Biol Article The current rapid extinction of species leads not only to their loss but also the disappearance of the unique features they harbour, which have evolved along the branches of the underlying evolutionary tree. One proxy for estimating the feature diversity (FD) of a set S of species at the tips of a tree is ‘phylogenetic diversity’ (PD): the sum of the branch lengths of the subtree connecting the species in S. For a phylogenetic tree that evolves under a standard birth–death process, and which is then subject to a sudden extinction event at the present (the simple ‘field of bullets’ model with a survival probability of s per species) the proportion of the original PD that is retained after extinction at the present is known to converge quickly to a particular concave function [Formula: see text] as t grows. To investigate how the loss of FD mirrors the loss of PD for a birth–death tree, we model FD by assuming that distinct discrete features arise randomly and independently along the branches of the tree at rate r and are lost at a constant rate [Formula: see text] . We derive an exact mathematical expression for the ratio [Formula: see text] of the two expected feature diversities (prior to and following an extinction event at the present) as t becomes large. We find that although [Formula: see text] has a similar behaviour to [Formula: see text] (and coincides with it for [Formula: see text] ), when [Formula: see text] , [Formula: see text] is described by a function that is different from [Formula: see text] . We also derive an exact expression for the expected number of features that are present in precisely one extant species. Our paper begins by establishing some generic properties of FD in a more general (non-phylogenetic) setting and applies this to fixed trees, before considering the setting of random (birth–death) trees. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2023-09-02 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10475005/ /pubmed/37658909 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00285-023-01988-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Overwater, Marcus Pelletier, Daniel Steel, Mike The expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present |
title | The expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present |
title_full | The expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present |
title_fullStr | The expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present |
title_full_unstemmed | The expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present |
title_short | The expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present |
title_sort | expected loss of feature diversity (versus phylogenetic diversity) following rapid extinction at the present |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10475005/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37658909 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00285-023-01988-4 |
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