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Lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides

Gangliosides are functional components of membrane lipid rafts that control critical functions in cell communication. Many pathologies involve raft gangliosides, which therefore represent an approach of choice for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. Beginning with a discussion of what a di...

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Autor principal: Fantini, Jacques
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10476576/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37052878
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.13612
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author Fantini, Jacques
author_facet Fantini, Jacques
author_sort Fantini, Jacques
collection PubMed
description Gangliosides are functional components of membrane lipid rafts that control critical functions in cell communication. Many pathologies involve raft gangliosides, which therefore represent an approach of choice for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. Beginning with a discussion of what a disease is (and is not), this review lists the major human pathologies that involve gangliosides, which includes cancer, diabetes, and infectious and neurodegenerative diseases. In most cases, the problem is due to a protein whose binding to gangliosides either creates a pathological condition or impairs a physiological function. Then, I draw up an inventory of the different molecular mechanisms of protein‐ganglioside interactions. I propose to classify the ganglioside‐binding domains of proteins into four categories, which I name GBD‐1, GBD‐2, GBD‐3, and GBD‐4. This structural and functional classification could help to rationalize the design of innovative molecules capable of disrupting the binding of selected proteins to gangliosides without generating undesirable effects. The biochemical specificities of gangliosides expressed in the human brain must also be taken into account to improve the reliability of animal models (or any animal‐free alternative) of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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spelling pubmed-104765762023-09-05 Lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides Fantini, Jacques FEBS Open Bio Reviews Gangliosides are functional components of membrane lipid rafts that control critical functions in cell communication. Many pathologies involve raft gangliosides, which therefore represent an approach of choice for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. Beginning with a discussion of what a disease is (and is not), this review lists the major human pathologies that involve gangliosides, which includes cancer, diabetes, and infectious and neurodegenerative diseases. In most cases, the problem is due to a protein whose binding to gangliosides either creates a pathological condition or impairs a physiological function. Then, I draw up an inventory of the different molecular mechanisms of protein‐ganglioside interactions. I propose to classify the ganglioside‐binding domains of proteins into four categories, which I name GBD‐1, GBD‐2, GBD‐3, and GBD‐4. This structural and functional classification could help to rationalize the design of innovative molecules capable of disrupting the binding of selected proteins to gangliosides without generating undesirable effects. The biochemical specificities of gangliosides expressed in the human brain must also be taken into account to improve the reliability of animal models (or any animal‐free alternative) of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10476576/ /pubmed/37052878 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.13612 Text en © 2023 The Author. FEBS Open Bio published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Reviews
Fantini, Jacques
Lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides
title Lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides
title_full Lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides
title_fullStr Lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides
title_full_unstemmed Lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides
title_short Lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides
title_sort lipid rafts and human diseases: why we need to target gangliosides
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10476576/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37052878
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.13612
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