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Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a S. aureus strain with resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, making it a global human and veterinary health concern. Specifically, immunosuppressed patients have a remarkably higher risk of clinical MRSA infections with significantly increased...

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Autores principales: Bochart, Rachele M., Armantrout, Kimberly, Crank, Hugh, Tonelli, Rachael, Shriver-Munsch, Christine, Swanson, Tonya, Fischer, Miranda, Wu, Helen, Axthelm, Michael, Sacha, Jonah, Smedley, Jeremy V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10477669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37675101
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244637
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author Bochart, Rachele M.
Armantrout, Kimberly
Crank, Hugh
Tonelli, Rachael
Shriver-Munsch, Christine
Swanson, Tonya
Fischer, Miranda
Wu, Helen
Axthelm, Michael
Sacha, Jonah
Smedley, Jeremy V.
author_facet Bochart, Rachele M.
Armantrout, Kimberly
Crank, Hugh
Tonelli, Rachael
Shriver-Munsch, Christine
Swanson, Tonya
Fischer, Miranda
Wu, Helen
Axthelm, Michael
Sacha, Jonah
Smedley, Jeremy V.
author_sort Bochart, Rachele M.
collection PubMed
description Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a S. aureus strain with resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, making it a global human and veterinary health concern. Specifically, immunosuppressed patients have a remarkably higher risk of clinical MRSA infections with significantly increased rates of prolonged clinical recovery, morbidity, and mortality. The current treatment of choice for MRSA is vancomycin. Importantly, we report the first known vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) carriers in a cohort of Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (CM) imported to the Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC), with a MRSA carrier rate of 76.9% (10/13 animals). All MRSA isolates also demonstrated resistance to vancomycin with prevalence of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) at 30% (3/10 MRSA-positive CMs) and VRSA at 70% (7/10 MRSA-positive CMs). Additionally, we identified VRSA in a rhesus macaque (RM) housed within the same room as the VRSA-positive CMs and identified a MRSA/VISA carrier rate of 18.8% in RMs (3/16 positive for both MRSA and VISA) in unexposed recently assigned animals directly from the ONPRC RM breeding colony. Considering that the MRSA and VRSA/VISA-positive CMs future study aims included significant immunosuppression, MRSA/VRSA/VISA decolonization treatment and expanded “MRSA-free” practices were employed to maintain this status. We report the first controlled study using in-depth analyses with appropriate diagnostic serial testing to definitively show an MRSA decolonization therapy (90% success rate) and expanded barrier practice techniques to successfully prevent recolonization (100%) of a cohort of CMs MRSA-free (up to 529 days with a total of 4,806 MRSA-free NHP days).
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spelling pubmed-104776692023-09-06 Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis) Bochart, Rachele M. Armantrout, Kimberly Crank, Hugh Tonelli, Rachael Shriver-Munsch, Christine Swanson, Tonya Fischer, Miranda Wu, Helen Axthelm, Michael Sacha, Jonah Smedley, Jeremy V. Front Immunol Immunology Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a S. aureus strain with resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, making it a global human and veterinary health concern. Specifically, immunosuppressed patients have a remarkably higher risk of clinical MRSA infections with significantly increased rates of prolonged clinical recovery, morbidity, and mortality. The current treatment of choice for MRSA is vancomycin. Importantly, we report the first known vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) carriers in a cohort of Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (CM) imported to the Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC), with a MRSA carrier rate of 76.9% (10/13 animals). All MRSA isolates also demonstrated resistance to vancomycin with prevalence of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) at 30% (3/10 MRSA-positive CMs) and VRSA at 70% (7/10 MRSA-positive CMs). Additionally, we identified VRSA in a rhesus macaque (RM) housed within the same room as the VRSA-positive CMs and identified a MRSA/VISA carrier rate of 18.8% in RMs (3/16 positive for both MRSA and VISA) in unexposed recently assigned animals directly from the ONPRC RM breeding colony. Considering that the MRSA and VRSA/VISA-positive CMs future study aims included significant immunosuppression, MRSA/VRSA/VISA decolonization treatment and expanded “MRSA-free” practices were employed to maintain this status. We report the first controlled study using in-depth analyses with appropriate diagnostic serial testing to definitively show an MRSA decolonization therapy (90% success rate) and expanded barrier practice techniques to successfully prevent recolonization (100%) of a cohort of CMs MRSA-free (up to 529 days with a total of 4,806 MRSA-free NHP days). Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10477669/ /pubmed/37675101 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244637 Text en Copyright © 2023 Bochart, Armantrout, Crank, Tonelli, Shriver-Munsch, Swanson, Fischer, Wu, Axthelm, Sacha and Smedley https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Bochart, Rachele M.
Armantrout, Kimberly
Crank, Hugh
Tonelli, Rachael
Shriver-Munsch, Christine
Swanson, Tonya
Fischer, Miranda
Wu, Helen
Axthelm, Michael
Sacha, Jonah
Smedley, Jeremy V.
Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
title Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
title_full Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
title_fullStr Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
title_full_unstemmed Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
title_short Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
title_sort identification of vancomycin resistance in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis)
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10477669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37675101
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244637
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