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Can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory?

This study aims to clarify why the aiming method in golf putting in risky situations differs based on skill level. This study set up a difficult challenge (steep slopes and fast ball rolling greens), which required even professional golfers to change their aim. A total of 12 tour professionals and 1...

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Autores principales: Hasegawa, Yumiko, Okada, Ayako, Fujii, Keisuke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10477702/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37674636
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1131390
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author Hasegawa, Yumiko
Okada, Ayako
Fujii, Keisuke
author_facet Hasegawa, Yumiko
Okada, Ayako
Fujii, Keisuke
author_sort Hasegawa, Yumiko
collection PubMed
description This study aims to clarify why the aiming method in golf putting in risky situations differs based on skill level. This study set up a difficult challenge (steep slopes and fast ball rolling greens), which required even professional golfers to change their aim. A total of 12 tour professionals and 12 intermediate amateurs were asked to perform a steep-slope task with no visual feedback of outcomes (no FB) followed by a task with visual feedback (with FB). The aim of the task was for the ball to enter the hole in one shot. Additionally, the participants were told that if the ball did not enter the hole, it was to at least stop as close to it as possible. The participant's aim (as an angle) and the kinematics of the putter head and ball were measured. The results indicated that professionals' highest ball trajectory points were significantly higher than that of amateurs, especially with FB. Additionally, professionals had higher ball-launch angles (the direction of the ball when the line connecting the ball and the center of the hole is 0 degrees) and lower peak putter head velocities than amateurs. Furthermore, the aim angle, indicating the golfer's decision-making, was higher for professionals under both conditions. However, even with FB, the amateurs' aim angles were lower and the difference between trials was smaller than that of professionals. Therefore, this study confirmed that the professionals made more drastic changes to their aim to find low-risk routes than the amateurs and that the amateurs’ ability to adjust their aim was lower than that of professionals. The results suggest that the reason for the amateurs' inability to find low-risk routes lies in their decision-making. The professionals found better routes; however, there were individual differences in their routes.
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spelling pubmed-104777022023-09-06 Can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory? Hasegawa, Yumiko Okada, Ayako Fujii, Keisuke Front Sports Act Living Sports and Active Living This study aims to clarify why the aiming method in golf putting in risky situations differs based on skill level. This study set up a difficult challenge (steep slopes and fast ball rolling greens), which required even professional golfers to change their aim. A total of 12 tour professionals and 12 intermediate amateurs were asked to perform a steep-slope task with no visual feedback of outcomes (no FB) followed by a task with visual feedback (with FB). The aim of the task was for the ball to enter the hole in one shot. Additionally, the participants were told that if the ball did not enter the hole, it was to at least stop as close to it as possible. The participant's aim (as an angle) and the kinematics of the putter head and ball were measured. The results indicated that professionals' highest ball trajectory points were significantly higher than that of amateurs, especially with FB. Additionally, professionals had higher ball-launch angles (the direction of the ball when the line connecting the ball and the center of the hole is 0 degrees) and lower peak putter head velocities than amateurs. Furthermore, the aim angle, indicating the golfer's decision-making, was higher for professionals under both conditions. However, even with FB, the amateurs' aim angles were lower and the difference between trials was smaller than that of professionals. Therefore, this study confirmed that the professionals made more drastic changes to their aim to find low-risk routes than the amateurs and that the amateurs’ ability to adjust their aim was lower than that of professionals. The results suggest that the reason for the amateurs' inability to find low-risk routes lies in their decision-making. The professionals found better routes; however, there were individual differences in their routes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10477702/ /pubmed/37674636 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1131390 Text en © 2023 Hasegawa, Okada and Fujii. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Sports and Active Living
Hasegawa, Yumiko
Okada, Ayako
Fujii, Keisuke
Can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory?
title Can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory?
title_full Can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory?
title_fullStr Can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory?
title_full_unstemmed Can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory?
title_short Can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory?
title_sort can golfers choose low-risk routes in steep putting based on visual feedback of ball trajectory?
topic Sports and Active Living
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10477702/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37674636
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1131390
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