Cargando…

Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance

The devastating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic indicates that early detection of candidates with pandemic potential is vital. However, comprehensive metagenomic sequencing of the total microbiome is not practical due to the astronomical and rapidly evolving numbers and species of micro...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chiu, Kelvin Hei-Yeung, Sridhar, Siddharth, Yuen, Kwok-Yung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10478602/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37474466
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2023.2240441
_version_ 1785101389461979136
author Chiu, Kelvin Hei-Yeung
Sridhar, Siddharth
Yuen, Kwok-Yung
author_facet Chiu, Kelvin Hei-Yeung
Sridhar, Siddharth
Yuen, Kwok-Yung
author_sort Chiu, Kelvin Hei-Yeung
collection PubMed
description The devastating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic indicates that early detection of candidates with pandemic potential is vital. However, comprehensive metagenomic sequencing of the total microbiome is not practical due to the astronomical and rapidly evolving numbers and species of micro-organisms. Analysis of previous pandemics suggests that an increase in human–animal interactions, changes in animal and arthropod distribution due to climate change and deforestation, continuous mutations and interspecies jumping of RNA viruses, and frequent travels are important factors driving pandemic emergence. Besides measures mitigating these factors, surveillance at human–animal interfaces targeting animals with unusual tolerance to viral infections, sick heathcare workers, and workers at high biosafety level laboratories is crucial. Surveillance of sick travellers is important when alerted by an early warning system of a suspected outbreak due to unknown agents. These samples should be screened by multiplex nucleic acid amplification and subsequent unbiased next-generation sequencing. Novel viruses should be isolated in routine cell cultures, complemented by organoid cultures, and then tested in animal models for interspecies transmission potential. Potential agents are candidates for designing rapid diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. For early detection of outbreaks, there are advantages in using event-based surveillance and artificial intelligence (AI), but high background noise and censorship are possible drawbacks. These systems are likely useful if they channel reliable information from frontline healthcare or veterinary workers and large international gatherings. Furthermore, sufficient regulation of high biosafety level laboratories, and stockpiling of broad spectrum antiviral drugs, vaccines, and personal protective equipment are indicated for pandemic preparedness.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10478602
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Taylor & Francis
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-104786022023-09-06 Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance Chiu, Kelvin Hei-Yeung Sridhar, Siddharth Yuen, Kwok-Yung Emerg Microbes Infect Coronaviruses The devastating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic indicates that early detection of candidates with pandemic potential is vital. However, comprehensive metagenomic sequencing of the total microbiome is not practical due to the astronomical and rapidly evolving numbers and species of micro-organisms. Analysis of previous pandemics suggests that an increase in human–animal interactions, changes in animal and arthropod distribution due to climate change and deforestation, continuous mutations and interspecies jumping of RNA viruses, and frequent travels are important factors driving pandemic emergence. Besides measures mitigating these factors, surveillance at human–animal interfaces targeting animals with unusual tolerance to viral infections, sick heathcare workers, and workers at high biosafety level laboratories is crucial. Surveillance of sick travellers is important when alerted by an early warning system of a suspected outbreak due to unknown agents. These samples should be screened by multiplex nucleic acid amplification and subsequent unbiased next-generation sequencing. Novel viruses should be isolated in routine cell cultures, complemented by organoid cultures, and then tested in animal models for interspecies transmission potential. Potential agents are candidates for designing rapid diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. For early detection of outbreaks, there are advantages in using event-based surveillance and artificial intelligence (AI), but high background noise and censorship are possible drawbacks. These systems are likely useful if they channel reliable information from frontline healthcare or veterinary workers and large international gatherings. Furthermore, sufficient regulation of high biosafety level laboratories, and stockpiling of broad spectrum antiviral drugs, vaccines, and personal protective equipment are indicated for pandemic preparedness. Taylor & Francis 2023-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10478602/ /pubmed/37474466 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2023.2240441 Text en © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.
spellingShingle Coronaviruses
Chiu, Kelvin Hei-Yeung
Sridhar, Siddharth
Yuen, Kwok-Yung
Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance
title Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance
title_full Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance
title_fullStr Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance
title_full_unstemmed Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance
title_short Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance
title_sort preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance
topic Coronaviruses
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10478602/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37474466
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2023.2240441
work_keys_str_mv AT chiukelvinheiyeung preparationforthenextpandemicchallengesinstrengtheningsurveillance
AT sridharsiddharth preparationforthenextpandemicchallengesinstrengtheningsurveillance
AT yuenkwokyung preparationforthenextpandemicchallengesinstrengtheningsurveillance