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Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases
Corneal neuromas, also termed microneuromas, refer to microscopic, irregularly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or injury. The formation of corneal neuromas results from damage to corneal nerves, such as following corneal pathology or corneal or intraoc...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10479835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37488855 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.375308 |
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author | Toh, Charmaine Jan Li Liu, Chang Lee, Isabelle Xin Yu Lin, Molly Tzu Yu Tong, Louis Liu, Yu-Chi |
author_facet | Toh, Charmaine Jan Li Liu, Chang Lee, Isabelle Xin Yu Lin, Molly Tzu Yu Tong, Louis Liu, Yu-Chi |
author_sort | Toh, Charmaine Jan Li |
collection | PubMed |
description | Corneal neuromas, also termed microneuromas, refer to microscopic, irregularly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or injury. The formation of corneal neuromas results from damage to corneal nerves, such as following corneal pathology or corneal or intraocular surgeries. Initially, denervated areas of sensory nerve fibers become invaded by sprouts of intact sensory nerve fibers, and later injured axons regenerate and new sprouts called neuromas develop. In recent years, analysis of corneal nerve abnormalities including corneal neuromas which can be identified using in vivo confocal microscopy, a non-invasive imaging technique with microscopic resolution, has been used to evaluate corneal neuropathy and ocular surface dysfunction. Corneal neuromas have been shown to be associated with clinical symptoms of discomfort and dryness of eyes, and are a promising surrogate biomarker for ocular surface diseases, such as neuropathic corneal pain, dry eye disease, diabetic corneal neuropathy, neurotrophic keratopathy, Sjögren’s syndrome, bullous keratopathy, post-refractive surgery, and others. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on the association between these ocular surface diseases and the presentation of corneal microneuromas, as well as elaborated on their pathogenesis, visualization via in vivo confocal microscopy, and utility in monitoring treatment efficacy. As current quantitative analysis on neuromas mainly relies on manual annotation and quantification, which is user-dependent and labor-intensive, future direction includes the development of artificial intelligence software to identify and quantify these potential imaging biomarkers in a more automated and sensitive manner, allowing it to be applied in clinical settings more efficiently. Combining imaging and molecular biomarkers may also help elucidate the associations between corneal neuromas and ocular surface diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10479835 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104798352023-09-06 Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases Toh, Charmaine Jan Li Liu, Chang Lee, Isabelle Xin Yu Lin, Molly Tzu Yu Tong, Louis Liu, Yu-Chi Neural Regen Res Review Corneal neuromas, also termed microneuromas, refer to microscopic, irregularly-shaped enlargements of terminal subbasal nerve endings at sites of nerve damage or injury. The formation of corneal neuromas results from damage to corneal nerves, such as following corneal pathology or corneal or intraocular surgeries. Initially, denervated areas of sensory nerve fibers become invaded by sprouts of intact sensory nerve fibers, and later injured axons regenerate and new sprouts called neuromas develop. In recent years, analysis of corneal nerve abnormalities including corneal neuromas which can be identified using in vivo confocal microscopy, a non-invasive imaging technique with microscopic resolution, has been used to evaluate corneal neuropathy and ocular surface dysfunction. Corneal neuromas have been shown to be associated with clinical symptoms of discomfort and dryness of eyes, and are a promising surrogate biomarker for ocular surface diseases, such as neuropathic corneal pain, dry eye disease, diabetic corneal neuropathy, neurotrophic keratopathy, Sjögren’s syndrome, bullous keratopathy, post-refractive surgery, and others. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on the association between these ocular surface diseases and the presentation of corneal microneuromas, as well as elaborated on their pathogenesis, visualization via in vivo confocal microscopy, and utility in monitoring treatment efficacy. As current quantitative analysis on neuromas mainly relies on manual annotation and quantification, which is user-dependent and labor-intensive, future direction includes the development of artificial intelligence software to identify and quantify these potential imaging biomarkers in a more automated and sensitive manner, allowing it to be applied in clinical settings more efficiently. Combining imaging and molecular biomarkers may also help elucidate the associations between corneal neuromas and ocular surface diseases. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2023-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10479835/ /pubmed/37488855 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.375308 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Toh, Charmaine Jan Li Liu, Chang Lee, Isabelle Xin Yu Lin, Molly Tzu Yu Tong, Louis Liu, Yu-Chi Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases |
title | Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases |
title_full | Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases |
title_fullStr | Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases |
title_short | Clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases |
title_sort | clinical associations of corneal neuromas with ocular surface diseases |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10479835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37488855 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.375308 |
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