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The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 and L-Threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings
Poultry requires Threonine, an essential amino acid, and its metabolites for proper metabolic function. Threonine is crucial in the biosynthesis of mucin, which is essential for intestinal health and nutrient absorption. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) is a potential substitute for antibiotic growth...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481339/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37680390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1238070 |
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author | Azzam, Mahmoud Mostafa Chen, Wei Xia, Weiguang Wang, Shuang Zhang, Yanan El-Senousey, HebatAllah Kasem Zheng, Chuntian |
author_facet | Azzam, Mahmoud Mostafa Chen, Wei Xia, Weiguang Wang, Shuang Zhang, Yanan El-Senousey, HebatAllah Kasem Zheng, Chuntian |
author_sort | Azzam, Mahmoud Mostafa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Poultry requires Threonine, an essential amino acid, and its metabolites for proper metabolic function. Threonine is crucial in the biosynthesis of mucin, which is essential for intestinal health and nutrient absorption. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) is a potential substitute for antibiotic growth promoters in the poultry industry. The current study was designed to evaluate the simultaneous effect of L-Threonine (Thr) and B. subtilis DSM32315 supplementation on laying duck breeders in order to maximize performance. A total number of 648 female 23-week-old Longyan duck breeders were assigned to a 3 × 2 factorial design with six replicates of 18 birds per replicate. L-Thr was added to the control diet at concentrations of 0, 0.7, and 1.4 g/kg, equating to 3.9, 4.6, and 5.3 g Thr/kg, with or without B. subtilis strain DSM 32315 (0.0 and 0.5 g/kg). Increasing Thr concentrations improved egg production and ducklings’ hatchling weight (p < 0.05). In addition, L-Thr supplementation resulted in a tendency for decreased feed conversion ratio without affecting egg quality. There was no significant effect (p > 0.05) of the dietary Thr levels on egg yolk and albumen amino acid concentrations. In contrast, the addition of B. subtilis decreased the concentrations of amino acids, excluding proline, in the egg white (albumen) and the egg yolk (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the supplementation of B. subtilis decreased (p < 0 0.001) the hatching weight of ducklings. The addition of B. subtilis without L-Thr decreased (p < 0.05) the hatchability of fertile eggs and the hatching weight of ducklings compared to those of ducks fed dietary L-Thr along with B. subtilis (p < 0.001). The combining L-Thr at 0.7 g/kg with B. subtilis DSM 32315 at 0.5 g/kg could increase eggshell quality, hatchability, and hatching weight. The current study revealed that the combination supplemented of L-Thr and B. subtilis DSM 32315 is recommended due to its positive effects on the eggshell percentage, hatchability and the body weights of newly hatched ducklings when dietary Thr was added at a rate of 0.7 g/kg and B. subtilis DSM 32315 at 0.5 g/kg. In addition, adding L-Thr separately at 0.7 g/kg could improve the egg production of duck breeders. Further studies are required to find the proper dosages of B. subtilis DSM 32315 with co-dietary inclusion of limiting amino acids in the diets of duck breeders. The findings of these trials will support feed additive interventions to transition into antibiotic-free diets. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10481339 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104813392023-09-07 The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 and L-Threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings Azzam, Mahmoud Mostafa Chen, Wei Xia, Weiguang Wang, Shuang Zhang, Yanan El-Senousey, HebatAllah Kasem Zheng, Chuntian Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Poultry requires Threonine, an essential amino acid, and its metabolites for proper metabolic function. Threonine is crucial in the biosynthesis of mucin, which is essential for intestinal health and nutrient absorption. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) is a potential substitute for antibiotic growth promoters in the poultry industry. The current study was designed to evaluate the simultaneous effect of L-Threonine (Thr) and B. subtilis DSM32315 supplementation on laying duck breeders in order to maximize performance. A total number of 648 female 23-week-old Longyan duck breeders were assigned to a 3 × 2 factorial design with six replicates of 18 birds per replicate. L-Thr was added to the control diet at concentrations of 0, 0.7, and 1.4 g/kg, equating to 3.9, 4.6, and 5.3 g Thr/kg, with or without B. subtilis strain DSM 32315 (0.0 and 0.5 g/kg). Increasing Thr concentrations improved egg production and ducklings’ hatchling weight (p < 0.05). In addition, L-Thr supplementation resulted in a tendency for decreased feed conversion ratio without affecting egg quality. There was no significant effect (p > 0.05) of the dietary Thr levels on egg yolk and albumen amino acid concentrations. In contrast, the addition of B. subtilis decreased the concentrations of amino acids, excluding proline, in the egg white (albumen) and the egg yolk (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the supplementation of B. subtilis decreased (p < 0 0.001) the hatching weight of ducklings. The addition of B. subtilis without L-Thr decreased (p < 0.05) the hatchability of fertile eggs and the hatching weight of ducklings compared to those of ducks fed dietary L-Thr along with B. subtilis (p < 0.001). The combining L-Thr at 0.7 g/kg with B. subtilis DSM 32315 at 0.5 g/kg could increase eggshell quality, hatchability, and hatching weight. The current study revealed that the combination supplemented of L-Thr and B. subtilis DSM 32315 is recommended due to its positive effects on the eggshell percentage, hatchability and the body weights of newly hatched ducklings when dietary Thr was added at a rate of 0.7 g/kg and B. subtilis DSM 32315 at 0.5 g/kg. In addition, adding L-Thr separately at 0.7 g/kg could improve the egg production of duck breeders. Further studies are required to find the proper dosages of B. subtilis DSM 32315 with co-dietary inclusion of limiting amino acids in the diets of duck breeders. The findings of these trials will support feed additive interventions to transition into antibiotic-free diets. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10481339/ /pubmed/37680390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1238070 Text en Copyright © 2023 Azzam, Chen, Xia, Wang, Zhang, El-Senousey and Zheng. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Veterinary Science Azzam, Mahmoud Mostafa Chen, Wei Xia, Weiguang Wang, Shuang Zhang, Yanan El-Senousey, HebatAllah Kasem Zheng, Chuntian The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 and L-Threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings |
title | The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 and L-Threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings |
title_full | The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 and L-Threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings |
title_fullStr | The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 and L-Threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings |
title_full_unstemmed | The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 and L-Threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings |
title_short | The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 and L-Threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings |
title_sort | impact of bacillus subtilis dsm32315 and l-threonine supplementation on the amino acid composition of eggs and early post-hatch performance of ducklings |
topic | Veterinary Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481339/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37680390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1238070 |
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