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Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs

The gut microbiome is critical for maintaining host health. In healthy humans, the aging process is one of the main factors modulating the changes in the intestinal microbiota. However, little is known about the relationship between gut health, microbiota, and the aging process in dogs. The present...

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Autores principales: Fernández-Pinteño, Anna, Pilla, Rachel, Manteca, Xavier, Suchodolski, Jan, Torre, Celina, Salas-Mani, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481537/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37680388
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1213287
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author Fernández-Pinteño, Anna
Pilla, Rachel
Manteca, Xavier
Suchodolski, Jan
Torre, Celina
Salas-Mani, Anna
author_facet Fernández-Pinteño, Anna
Pilla, Rachel
Manteca, Xavier
Suchodolski, Jan
Torre, Celina
Salas-Mani, Anna
author_sort Fernández-Pinteño, Anna
collection PubMed
description The gut microbiome is critical for maintaining host health. In healthy humans, the aging process is one of the main factors modulating the changes in the intestinal microbiota. However, little is known about the relationship between gut health, microbiota, and the aging process in dogs. The present study aims to explore the differences in the intestinal microbiota and intestinal health based on fecal biomarkers in a population of dogs of different ages. The study involved 106 dogs of different breeds aged between 0.2 and 15 years categorized as senior (>7 years; n = 40), adult (2–7 years; n = 50), and junior (< 2 years; n = 16). Fecal samples were collected during the same period at the same facilities. The analysis included the following gut health indicators: 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the differences in the fecal microbiota; qPCR to determine the dysbiosis index; fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations; fecal calprotectin; and immunoglobulin A. Beta diversity analysis revealed a significant difference with a small effect size (p = 0.003; R = 0.087) among age categories based on the unweighted UniFrac metric, but no significance was observed based on the weighted UniFrac metric or Bray–Curtis distances. There were no significant differences in the alpha diversity measures or the fecal dysbiosis index among age categories. Senior dogs had significantly higher relative abundance proportions in phyla Bacteroidota and Pseudomonadota and the genus Faecalibacterium, but not on qPCR analysis. At the family level, Ruminococcaceae, Uncl. Clostridiales.1, Veillonellaceae, Prevotellaceae, Succinivibrionaceae, and Bacteroidaceae abundances were higher in the senior category than in the adult and/or junior categories. Relative proportions, but not concentrations of fecal acetate, were higher in the senior category, while butyrate, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid were lower. The valeric acid concentration was significantly lower in the senior category than in the adult category. Calprotectin and immunoglobulin A levels did not differ significantly across groups. In conclusion, this study observed multiple minor changes in the fecal microbiota composition and the relative amount of short-chain fatty acids in dogs among different age groups, but studies in larger populations representative of all ages are warranted to refine the present results.
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spelling pubmed-104815372023-09-07 Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs Fernández-Pinteño, Anna Pilla, Rachel Manteca, Xavier Suchodolski, Jan Torre, Celina Salas-Mani, Anna Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science The gut microbiome is critical for maintaining host health. In healthy humans, the aging process is one of the main factors modulating the changes in the intestinal microbiota. However, little is known about the relationship between gut health, microbiota, and the aging process in dogs. The present study aims to explore the differences in the intestinal microbiota and intestinal health based on fecal biomarkers in a population of dogs of different ages. The study involved 106 dogs of different breeds aged between 0.2 and 15 years categorized as senior (>7 years; n = 40), adult (2–7 years; n = 50), and junior (< 2 years; n = 16). Fecal samples were collected during the same period at the same facilities. The analysis included the following gut health indicators: 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the differences in the fecal microbiota; qPCR to determine the dysbiosis index; fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations; fecal calprotectin; and immunoglobulin A. Beta diversity analysis revealed a significant difference with a small effect size (p = 0.003; R = 0.087) among age categories based on the unweighted UniFrac metric, but no significance was observed based on the weighted UniFrac metric or Bray–Curtis distances. There were no significant differences in the alpha diversity measures or the fecal dysbiosis index among age categories. Senior dogs had significantly higher relative abundance proportions in phyla Bacteroidota and Pseudomonadota and the genus Faecalibacterium, but not on qPCR analysis. At the family level, Ruminococcaceae, Uncl. Clostridiales.1, Veillonellaceae, Prevotellaceae, Succinivibrionaceae, and Bacteroidaceae abundances were higher in the senior category than in the adult and/or junior categories. Relative proportions, but not concentrations of fecal acetate, were higher in the senior category, while butyrate, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid were lower. The valeric acid concentration was significantly lower in the senior category than in the adult category. Calprotectin and immunoglobulin A levels did not differ significantly across groups. In conclusion, this study observed multiple minor changes in the fecal microbiota composition and the relative amount of short-chain fatty acids in dogs among different age groups, but studies in larger populations representative of all ages are warranted to refine the present results. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10481537/ /pubmed/37680388 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1213287 Text en Copyright © 2023 Fernández-Pinteño, Pilla, Manteca, Suchodolski, Torre and Salas-Mani. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Fernández-Pinteño, Anna
Pilla, Rachel
Manteca, Xavier
Suchodolski, Jan
Torre, Celina
Salas-Mani, Anna
Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs
title Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs
title_full Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs
title_fullStr Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs
title_full_unstemmed Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs
title_short Age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs
title_sort age-associated changes in intestinal health biomarkers in dogs
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481537/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37680388
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1213287
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