Comparative study of distinct halide composites for highly efficient perovskite solar cells using a SCAPS-1D simulator

This research investigates the influence of halide-based methylammonium-based perovskites as the active absorber layer (PAL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Using SCAPS-1D simulation software, the study optimizes PSC performance by analyzing PAL thickness, temperature, and defect density impact on output parameters. PAL thickness analysis reveals that increasing thickness enhances J(SC) for MAPbI(3) and MAPbI(2)Br, while that of MAPbBr(3) remains steady. V(OC) remains constant, and FF and PCE vary with thickness. MAPbI(2)Br exhibits the highest efficiency of 22.05% at 1.2 μm thickness. Temperature impact analysis shows J(SC), V(OC), FF, and PCE decrease with rising temperature. MAPbI(2)Br-based PSC achieves the highest efficiency of 22.05% at 300 K. Contour plots demonstrate that optimal PAL thickness for the MAPbI(2)Br-based PSC is 1.2 μm with a defect density of 1 × 10(13) cm(−3), resulting in a PCE of approximately 22.05%. Impedance analysis shows the MAPbBr(3)-based PSC has the highest impedance, followed by Cl(2)Br-based and I-based perovskite materials. A comparison of QE and J–V characteristics indicates MAPbI(2)Br offers the best combination of V(OC) and J(SC), resulting in superior efficiency. Overall, this study enhances PSC performance with MAPbI(2)Br-based devices, achieving an improved power conversion efficiency of 22.05%. These findings contribute to developing more efficient perovskite solar cells using distinct halide-based perovskite materials.