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Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments

Cusp-shaped fluctuations of the sea surface temperature (SST) front in the tropical Pacific, now known as tropical instability waves (TIWs), were discovered by remote sensing in the 1970s. Their discovery was followed by both theoretical and analytical studies, which, along with in situ observations...

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Autores principales: Toyoda, Takahiro, Urakawa, L. Shogo, Aiki, Hidenori, Nakano, Hideyuki, Shindo, Eiki, Yoshimura, Hiromasa, Kawakami, Yuma, Sakamoto, Kei, Yamagami, Akio, Ushijima, Yusuke, Harada, Yayoi, Kobayashi, Chiaki, Tomita, Hiroyuki, Tozuka, Tomoki, Yamanaka, Goro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10485077/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37679402
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41159-5
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author Toyoda, Takahiro
Urakawa, L. Shogo
Aiki, Hidenori
Nakano, Hideyuki
Shindo, Eiki
Yoshimura, Hiromasa
Kawakami, Yuma
Sakamoto, Kei
Yamagami, Akio
Ushijima, Yusuke
Harada, Yayoi
Kobayashi, Chiaki
Tomita, Hiroyuki
Tozuka, Tomoki
Yamanaka, Goro
author_facet Toyoda, Takahiro
Urakawa, L. Shogo
Aiki, Hidenori
Nakano, Hideyuki
Shindo, Eiki
Yoshimura, Hiromasa
Kawakami, Yuma
Sakamoto, Kei
Yamagami, Akio
Ushijima, Yusuke
Harada, Yayoi
Kobayashi, Chiaki
Tomita, Hiroyuki
Tozuka, Tomoki
Yamanaka, Goro
author_sort Toyoda, Takahiro
collection PubMed
description Cusp-shaped fluctuations of the sea surface temperature (SST) front in the tropical Pacific, now known as tropical instability waves (TIWs), were discovered by remote sensing in the 1970s. Their discovery was followed by both theoretical and analytical studies, which, along with in situ observations, identified several possible generation mechanisms. Although modeling studies have shown that TIWs strongly influence the heat budget, their influence on local variations of realistically initialized predictions is not yet understood. We here evaluate a series of medium-range (up to ~ 10 days) coupled atmosphere–ocean predictions by a coupled model with different horizontal resolutions. Observational SST, surface wind stress, heat flux, and pressure data showed that representation of temporally and spatially local variations was improved by resolving fine-scale SST variations around the initialized coarse-scale SST front fluctuations of TIWs. Our study thus demonstrates the advantage of using high-resolution coupled models for medium-range predictions. In addition, analysis of TIW energetics showed two dominant sources of energy to anticyclonic eddies: barotropic instability between equatorial zonal currents and baroclinic instability due to intense density fronts. In turn, the eddy circulation strengthened both instabilities in the resolved simulations. This revealed feedback process refines our understanding of the generation mechanisms of TIWs.
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spelling pubmed-104850772023-09-09 Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments Toyoda, Takahiro Urakawa, L. Shogo Aiki, Hidenori Nakano, Hideyuki Shindo, Eiki Yoshimura, Hiromasa Kawakami, Yuma Sakamoto, Kei Yamagami, Akio Ushijima, Yusuke Harada, Yayoi Kobayashi, Chiaki Tomita, Hiroyuki Tozuka, Tomoki Yamanaka, Goro Sci Rep Article Cusp-shaped fluctuations of the sea surface temperature (SST) front in the tropical Pacific, now known as tropical instability waves (TIWs), were discovered by remote sensing in the 1970s. Their discovery was followed by both theoretical and analytical studies, which, along with in situ observations, identified several possible generation mechanisms. Although modeling studies have shown that TIWs strongly influence the heat budget, their influence on local variations of realistically initialized predictions is not yet understood. We here evaluate a series of medium-range (up to ~ 10 days) coupled atmosphere–ocean predictions by a coupled model with different horizontal resolutions. Observational SST, surface wind stress, heat flux, and pressure data showed that representation of temporally and spatially local variations was improved by resolving fine-scale SST variations around the initialized coarse-scale SST front fluctuations of TIWs. Our study thus demonstrates the advantage of using high-resolution coupled models for medium-range predictions. In addition, analysis of TIW energetics showed two dominant sources of energy to anticyclonic eddies: barotropic instability between equatorial zonal currents and baroclinic instability due to intense density fronts. In turn, the eddy circulation strengthened both instabilities in the resolved simulations. This revealed feedback process refines our understanding of the generation mechanisms of TIWs. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10485077/ /pubmed/37679402 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41159-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Toyoda, Takahiro
Urakawa, L. Shogo
Aiki, Hidenori
Nakano, Hideyuki
Shindo, Eiki
Yoshimura, Hiromasa
Kawakami, Yuma
Sakamoto, Kei
Yamagami, Akio
Ushijima, Yusuke
Harada, Yayoi
Kobayashi, Chiaki
Tomita, Hiroyuki
Tozuka, Tomoki
Yamanaka, Goro
Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments
title Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments
title_full Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments
title_fullStr Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments
title_full_unstemmed Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments
title_short Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments
title_sort effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean prediction experiments
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10485077/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37679402
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41159-5
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