Patient-Derived Organoids as a Promising Tool for Multimodal Management of Sarcomas

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Patient-derived sarcoma organoids (PDSOs) are a new and promising tool for treating sarcomas, a type of cancer that affects the body’s connective tissues. These organoids are created in the lab to mimic the complexity of a patient’s tumor. They help doctors understand the genetic and molecular makeup of the tumor and test different treatments to see which ones work best for each patient. PDSOs can guide personalized treatment decisions, ensuring that patients receive the most effective therapies tailored to their specific tumor characteristics. They also help researchers discover new biomarkers and develop better treatment options. By using PDSOs, doctors can improve patient outcomes and revolutionize how sarcomas are managed. Ongoing research is essential to fully unlock the potential of PDSOs and make them a standard part of sarcoma treatment. ABSTRACT: The management of sarcomas, a diverse group of cancers arising from connective tissues, presents significant challenges due to their heterogeneity and limited treatment options. Patient-derived sarcoma organoids (PDSOs) have emerged as a promising tool in the multimodal management of sarcomas, offering unprecedented opportunities for personalized medicine and improved treatment strategies. This review aims to explore the potential of PDSOs as a promising tool for multimodal management of sarcomas. We discuss the establishment and characterization of PDSOs, which realistically recapitulate the complexity and heterogeneity of the original tumor, providing a platform for genetic and molecular fidelity, histological resemblance, and functional characterization. Additionally, we discuss the applications of PDSOs in pathological and genetic evaluation, treatment screening and development, and personalized multimodal management. One significant advancement of PDSOs lies in their ability to guide personalized treatment decisions, enabling clinicians to assess the response and efficacy of different therapies in a patient-specific manner. Through continued research and development, PDSOs hold the potential to revolutionize sarcoma management and drive advancements in personalized medicine, biomarker discovery, preclinical modeling, and therapy optimization. The integration of PDSOs into clinical practice can ultimately improve patient outcomes and significantly impact the field of sarcoma treatment.