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Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs

The development of targeted therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, offering improved efficacy with reduced side effects compared with traditional chemotherapy. This review highlights the current landscape of targeted therapy in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer, focusing on...

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Autores principales: Choi, Ha Yeong, Chang, Ji-Eun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10487969/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37686423
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713618
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author Choi, Ha Yeong
Chang, Ji-Eun
author_facet Choi, Ha Yeong
Chang, Ji-Eun
author_sort Choi, Ha Yeong
collection PubMed
description The development of targeted therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, offering improved efficacy with reduced side effects compared with traditional chemotherapy. This review highlights the current landscape of targeted therapy in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer, focusing on key molecular targets. Moreover, it aligns with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and drug candidates. In lung cancer, mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements have emerged as significant targets. FDA-approved drugs like osimertinib and crizotinib specifically inhibit these aberrant pathways, providing remarkable benefits in patients with EGFR-mutated or ALK-positive lung cancer. Colorectal cancer treatment has been shaped by targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and EGFR. Bevacizumab and cetuximab are prominent FDA-approved agents that hinder VEGF and EGFR signaling, significantly enhancing outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. In prostate cancer, androgen receptor (AR) targeting is pivotal. Drugs like enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide effectively inhibit AR signaling, demonstrating efficacy in castration-resistant prostate cancer. This review further highlights promising targets like mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), ROS1, BRAF, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymeras (PARP) in specific cancer subsets, along with ongoing clinical trials that continue to shape the future of targeted therapy.
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spelling pubmed-104879692023-09-09 Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs Choi, Ha Yeong Chang, Ji-Eun Int J Mol Sci Review The development of targeted therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, offering improved efficacy with reduced side effects compared with traditional chemotherapy. This review highlights the current landscape of targeted therapy in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer, focusing on key molecular targets. Moreover, it aligns with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and drug candidates. In lung cancer, mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements have emerged as significant targets. FDA-approved drugs like osimertinib and crizotinib specifically inhibit these aberrant pathways, providing remarkable benefits in patients with EGFR-mutated or ALK-positive lung cancer. Colorectal cancer treatment has been shaped by targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and EGFR. Bevacizumab and cetuximab are prominent FDA-approved agents that hinder VEGF and EGFR signaling, significantly enhancing outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. In prostate cancer, androgen receptor (AR) targeting is pivotal. Drugs like enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide effectively inhibit AR signaling, demonstrating efficacy in castration-resistant prostate cancer. This review further highlights promising targets like mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), ROS1, BRAF, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymeras (PARP) in specific cancer subsets, along with ongoing clinical trials that continue to shape the future of targeted therapy. MDPI 2023-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10487969/ /pubmed/37686423 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713618 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Choi, Ha Yeong
Chang, Ji-Eun
Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs
title Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs
title_full Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs
title_fullStr Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs
title_full_unstemmed Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs
title_short Targeted Therapy for Cancers: From Ongoing Clinical Trials to FDA-Approved Drugs
title_sort targeted therapy for cancers: from ongoing clinical trials to fda-approved drugs
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10487969/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37686423
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713618
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